Борисова ПЕРЕВОД В СФЕРЕ ПРАВА Учебное пособие для вузов Воронеж Издательский дом ВГУ 2016 Утверждено научно-методическим советом факультета романо-германской филологии 20 января 2016 г., протокол № 1 Рецензент – доц. <...> Основная дидактическая цель курса – сформировать у студентов умения осуществлять юридический перевод, в частности: − умение осуществлять перевод юридических текстов различных жанров с учетом их особенностей; − умение распознавать реалии правовой культуры Великобритании, Соединенных Штатов Америки и России и переводить их; − умение переводить юридическую терминологию. <...> Give the definition of the word «law» in the following sentences. <...> It is against the law to demonstrate here. <...> Translate the following word combinations from English into Russian paying special attention to the word “law” and its derivatives. <...> Translate the names of some areas of law. <...> However, it is generally true to say that there are two main traditions of the law in the world. <...> One is based on English Common law, and has been adopted by many Commonwealth countries and most of the United States. <...> The other tradition, sometimes known as Continental, or Roman law, has developed in most of 4 Environmental law Family law International law Labour law Land law Marriage law Tax law Procedural criminal law Task 4. <...> Translate continental Europe, Latin America and many countries in Asia and Africa which have been strongly influenced by Europe. <...> Common law, or case law systems, particularly that of England, differs from Continental law in having developed regularly throughout history, not as the result of government attempts to define or codify every legal relation. <...> Customs and court rulings have been as important as statutes (government legislation). <...> Judges do not merely apply the law, in some cases they make law, since their interpretations may become precedents for other courts to follow. <...> Common law is based on the doctrine of precedent. <...> If the essential elements of a case are the same as those of the previous recorded cases, then the judge is bound to reach the same decision regarding guilt or innocence. <...> If no precedent can be found, then the judge makes a decision <...>
Перевод_в_сфере_права_.pdf
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РФ
ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ
БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
«ВОРОНЕЖСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
Л.А. Борисова
ПЕРЕВОД В СФЕРЕ ПРАВА
Учебное пособие для вузов
Воронеж
Издательский дом ВГУ
2016
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ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Курс знакомит студентов с особенностями юридического перевода, в
частности, с базовой юридической терминологией, основными понятиями и
явлениями системы права Великобритании, Соединенных Штатов Америки
и России. Основное внимание уделяется переводу юридической терминологии
и текстов различных жанров.
Основная дидактическая цель курса – сформировать у студентов
умения осуществлять юридический перевод, в частности:
− умение осуществлять перевод юридических текстов различных
жанров с учетом их особенностей;
− умение распознавать реалии правовой культуры Великобритании,
Соединенных Штатов Америки и России и переводить их;
− умение переводить юридическую терминологию.
В ходе самостоятельной работы студента предполагается развитие
социокультурной компетенции студента, а также закрепление материала,
пройденного на занятии.
Структура курса включает семь глав, посвященных определенной
теме, тексты для самостоятельной работы студентов и общий список
использованной литературы.
Текущий контроль осуществляется посредством выполнения
студентами письменного перевода текстов для самостоятельной работы.
Промежуточный контроль предполагает полный письменный
перевод текста, проверяющий сформированность у студентов вышеуказанных
умений.
3
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Legal procedure
Of legal force
To enter the legal profession
Task 6. What do you know about the following legal documents of the UK
and the USA? Translate their names into Russian.
1. Magna Carta (Great Charter)
2. Habeas Corpus Act
3. The Petition of Rights
4. The Bill of Rights
5. The US Declaration of Independence
6. The American Constitution
7. The US Bill of Rights
8. Miranda Warning
Task 7. The following is a minimal Miranda warning, as outlined in the
Miranda v Arizona case. Translate it into Russian.
“You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be
used against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney, and
to have an attorney present during any questioning. If you cannot afford a lawyer,
one will be provided for you at government expense.”
The following is a much more verbose Miranda warning, designed to cover
all bases that a detainee might encounter while in police custody. A detainee may
be asked to sign a statement acknowledging the following.
“You have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer questions. Do
you understand?
understand?
Anything you do say may be used against you in a court of law. Do you
You have the right to consult an attorney before speaking to the police and
to have an attorney present during questioning now or in the future. Do you
understand?
If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you before any
questioning if you wish. Do you understand?
If you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present you will
still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an attorney. Do
you understand?
Knowing and understanding your rights as I have explained them to you,
are you willing to answer my questions without an attorney present?”
UNIT 2. LEGISLATION
Task 1. Compare the way the title of a British statute and a Russian law is
formulated. What are the similarities and differences? Are they reflected in
translation?
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Consolidated Fund Act 2007
Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009
Федеральный закон от 1 июня 2005 г. № 53-ФЗ «О государственном языке
Российской Федерации»
Федеральный закон от 29 июля 2004 г. № 98-ФЗ «О коммерческой тайне»
(с изменениями от 2 февраля, 18 декабря 2006 г., 24 июля 2007 г.)
Task 2. Study the list of the structural elements of British and American
statutes and Russian federal laws. Provide their translation equivalents.
ВБ
Group of parts
Part
Chapter
Section
Subsection
Paragraph
Subparagraph
США
Title
Subtitle
Chapter
Subchapter
Part
Subpart
Section
Subsection
Paragraph
Subparagraph
Clause
Subclause
Russian.
Task 3. Study typical provisions of a British statute. Translate them into
long title
An Act to make provision in connection with the Electoral Commission; to
make provision about political donations, loans and related transactions and about
political expenditure; and to make provision about elections and electoral
registration.
An Act to make it an offence to obstruct or hinder persons who provide
emergency services; and for connected purposes.
enacting formula
BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s most Excellent Majesty, by and with the
advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this
present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows
interpretation/ definition sections
…“secondary legislation” means subordinate legislation or any other
instrument made under primary legislation.
“FSMA 2000” means the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
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РФ
Часть
Раздел
Глава
Статья
Часть
Пункт
Подпункт
Абзац
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repeals
Section(s) … of … Act … (shall) cease to have effect.
For repeals and revocations of enactments see Schedule ...
minor and consequential amendments
(1) Section 32 of the Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (detention of
absentees) is amended as follows.
In subsection (1C) –
(a) after paragraph (a) insert –
“(aa) the person who made the arrangements under paragraph 9(3) of
the Schedule to the Street Offences Act 1959;”,
(b) in paragraph (b) for “that Act” substitute “the Criminal Justice and
Immigration Act 2008”, and
(c) omit the word “or” at the end of paragraph (c) and insert –
“(ca) the authority designated under paragraph 10(5) of the Schedule
to the Street Offences Act 1959; or”.
transitional provisions and savings
Nothing in this Part prevents the Bank of England from having dealings
with the operators of payment systems to which this Part does not apply.
commencement
This Act comes into force on such day as the Secretary of State may by
order appoint.
This Act comes into force at the end of the period of two months beginning
with the day on which it is passed.
extent
(1) This Act extends only to –
(a) England and Wales, and
(b) Scotland.
(2) But –
(a) section 82 extends only to Northern Ireland, and
(b) except as provided by subsection (3), an amendment of an
enactment by this Act shall have the same extent as the enactment
amended (or as the relevant part of the enactment amended).
(3) Paragraphs 36 to 38 and 41 to 56 of Schedule 3 (which amend the
Estate Agents Act 1979 (c. 38) and the Disability Discrimination Act
1995 (c. 50)), together with corresponding entries in Schedule 4, shall
not extend to Northern Ireland.
short title
This Act may be cited as the Political Parties and Elections Act 2009.
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Task 4. Translate the following sentences containing modal verbs. Make
conclusions about the use of modal verbs in British statutes and their translation.
1. The Secretary of State may also by order establish a panel (“the advisory
panel”) to provide advice and support to the corporation.
2. The amendments may include provision conferring power on the Secretary
of State to make subordinate legislation.
3. The Secretary of State may not make an order under subsection (1) unless
he is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient to do so in the interests of
protecting wild birds or wild animals from harm.
4. Ministers of the Crown and the Law Commission must have regard to the
protocol.
5. The application must be in writing and must contain particulars of the
operations which are to be effected.
6. The application of the Committee’s seal must be authenticated by the
signature…
7. An appointee must be of a description prescribed in regulations made by
the appropriate national authority.
8. The Treasury shall make a compensation scheme order.
9. There shall be a body corporate to be known as the Charity Commission
for England and Wales…
10. Those limits shall be deemed to have been in force from 2nd May 2006.
UNIT 3. THREE BRANCHES OF POWER
Task 1. Using English-English Dictionary, state the differences in the
meaning of the following words. Translate them into Russian.
Lawyer
Law agent
Jurist
Jurisprudent
Legist
Legalist
Legal expert
Advocate
Solicitor
Barrister
Counsel
Counsellor
Task 2. Fill in the following table.
Great Britain
The names of the executive
bodies
The post of the head of an
executive body
Task 3. Compare the judicial branch of power in England and the USA
Translate the names of judicial bodies. What do you know about the Russian
judicial system?
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USA
Attorney
Prosecutor
Judge
Notary
Russia
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England
HOUSE OF LORDS
COURT OF APPEAL
CRIMINAL DIVISION
CIVIL DIVISION
HIGH COURT
Queen’s Bench Division
CROWN COURT
MAGISTRATES COURT
USA
STATE SUPREME COURT
STATE COURT OF APPEAL
COUNTY AND CITY COURTS
LOCAL JUSTICES’ COURTS
Task 4. Fill in the following table.
Great Britain USA Russia
Name of legislative body
Number of chambers
Names of chambers
The way those who sit in the
lower chamber are called
The way those who sit in the
upper chamber are called
10
Chancery Division Family Division
COUNTY COURT
(MAGISTRATES COURT)
FEDERAL SUPREME COURT
CIRCUIT COURT OF
APPEALS
FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT
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