Химия в интересах устойчивого развития 24 (2016) 473482 UDC 661.666.4 DOI: 10.15372/KhUR20160407 Main Scientific Aspects of Black Carbon Emissions G. I. RAZDYAKONOVA, V. A. LIKHOLOBOV and O. A. KOKHANOVSKAYA Institute of Hydrocarbons Processing, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk, Russia E-mail: rgi@ihcp.ru Abstract The definition of the concept carbon black in accordance with modern world ideas was given. <...> The structure of carbon black, the morphology of its aggregates and elemental composition were described in detail. <...> The place of carbon black among other black emissions in the atmosphere was characterized according to international standards; the fundamental differences between carbon black and soot were shown. <...> The sources of carbon black emission into the atmosphere and soil were given. <...> Industrial methods of carbon black production thermal, furnace and channel were reported. <...> Basic diagrams of setups for the recovery of carbon black from aerosol streams in the production process providing a maximum possible efficiency of effluent gas and wastewater purification were described. <...> Schemes and principles of operation of the main elements of carbon black recovery systems cyclones and filters were presented. <...> The detrimental effects exerted by carbon black on the environment as a whole and on the human body in particular were demonstrated and the maximum permissible concentrations of carbon black were listed. <...> The behaviour of carbon black in the atmosphere and oil contaminated soils was described. <...> A series of model experiments was performed to reveal the effect of carbon black on oil contaminated soils. <...> It was shown that carbon black is able to catalyze the destruction of various organic compounds, particularly oil hydrocarbons, thus improving soil fertility. <...> Key words: carbon black, emission, oxidation of carbon black, oil contamination of soils, degradation of oil contamination 473 INTRODUCTION Environmental protection and nature management are now among the most topical problems nowadays. <...> Particular attention is paid to the harmful emission to the atmosphere caused by intensive industrial development, since the amounts of such emission significantly exceed the neutralizing ability of nature. <...> They are retained in the atmosphere from several days to several weeks and belong to unstable compounds that promote climate changes <...>