KUTAFIN UNIVERSITY
LAW REVIEW
Volume 1
December 2014
Issue 2
INTERPRETIVE APPROACH IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
PUBLIC SERVANTS BEHAVIOURS IN SUPPORT
OF THE RULE OF LAW
GAME OF THRONES: RELIGION AND STATE IN ISRAEL
CONFIDENTIALITY IN INTERNATIONAL
COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION
DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW ON FREEDOM OF SPEECH
SOCIALIST PRIVATE LAW:
OXYMORON OR SPECIAL
MODEL?
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KUTAFIN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW
Volume 1
Andrea Bonomi
(University of Lausanne)
Bill Bowring
(University of Essex)
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Peter Van Elsuwege
(University of Ghent)
Christophe Hillion
(University of Leiden)
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KUTAFIN UNIVERSITY
December 2014
Senior Editorial Council
Dimitry Kochenov
(University of Groningen)
Sergey Pashin
(Higher School of Economics, Moscow)
Roman Petrov
(Kyiv-Mohyla Academy)
Csaba Varga
(Catholic University, Budapest)
Junjie Zhang
(Minzu University of China)
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LAW REVIEW
Volume I (September 2014) Issue 1
Issue 2
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II
BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
Welcome Note ...................................................................................... 152
LEGAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND THEORETICAL INSIGHTS
International Law Raison d’etre
and the Grounds for the Interpretive Approach
Article by Gianluigi Palombella ............................................................ 153
LEGAL PRACTICE
Behaviours in Support of the Rule of Law
Essay by Anthony Inglese ..................................................................... 180
SPORTS LAW
Contracts for Sports Services
Article by Dimitrios P. Panagiotopoulos ............................................... 191
PUBLICITY AND CONFIDENTIALITY IN LAW
Sources of Confi dentiality Obligations
in International Commercial Arbitration
Article by Elza Reymond-Eniaeva ......................................................... 208
STATE AND RELIGION
Game of Thrones: The Ongoing Discourse
on Religion and State in Israel
Essay by Liana Voloch .......................................................................... 235
CONFERENCE PAPER
Legal Regulation of Advocates Ethics
in the Russian Federation
Paper by Nikolay Kipnis ....................................................................... 247
CASE REVIEW
Freedom of Speech as it is:
Talking about a French Comedian,
US Offi cial and the Russian Truth
Review by Maria Zakharova .................................................................. 258
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Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
III
Welcome Note ...................................................................................... 152
LEGAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND THEORETICAL INSIGHTS
International Law Raison d’etre
and the Grounds for the Interpretive Approach
Article by Gianluigi Palombella ............................................................ 153
1. Re-setting the Scene in the Supranational Domain ................ 154
2. About Types and Function of Principles in IL ........................ 157
3. Dworkin’s Posthumous Work on a Theory
of International Law .............................................................. 164
4. An Interpretive (Adjudicative) Theory of law ......................... 167
5. An Interpretive Lens on Exemplary Case Law ........................ 170
6. Concluding Remarks .............................................................. 176
LEGAL PRACTICE
Behaviours in Support of the Rule of Law
Essay by Anthony Inglese ..................................................................... 180
I. Introduction........................................................................... 181
II. The Structure of Legal Advisory Services within
the UK Government ............................................................... 181
III. The Commitment to the Rule of Law as a Practice ................. 182
IV. Conclusion ............................................................................. 189
Bibliography ................................................................................. 190
SPORTS LAW
Contracts for Sports Services
Essay by Dimitrios P. Panagiotopoulos................................................. 191
I. Introduction........................................................................... 192
II. Sports Categories ................................................................... 193
III. Sports Capacity ...................................................................... 194
A. Introduction ...................................................................... 194
B. Sports Capacity as a Legal Fiction ...................................... 196
C. Sports Capacity Attributed by Right .................................. 197
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IV
DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
IV. The Provision of Sports Services ............................................ 199
A. Introduction ...................................................................... 199
B. Latent Agreement for Amateur Athlete Remuneration ...... 200
C. Amateur Athletes’ Rights ................................................... 202
V. Athletes’ Agreements/Contracts ............................................ 203
A. Nature of the Agreement.................................................... 203
B. Professional Athletes ......................................................... 203
C. Provision of Sports Services ............................................... 205
VI. Conclusion ............................................................................. 205
Bibliography ................................................................................. 206
PUBLICITY AND CONFIDENTIALITY IN LAW
Sources of Confi dentiality Obligations
in International Commercial Arbitration
Article by Elza Reymond-Eniaeva ……………………………………………………208
I. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 209
II. EXPRESS AGREEMENT ........................................................ 212
III. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION RULES ........................... 215
A. Introduction ...................................................................... 215
B. UNCITRAL Rules ............................................................... 216
C. LCIA Rules ......................................................................... 216
D. Swiss Rules ........................................................................ 218
E. ICC Rules ........................................................................... 219
F. WIPO Rules ....................................................................... 220
G. Conclusion ......................................................................... 222
IV. GENERALLY ACCEPTED ARBITRAL PRACTICE ................. 223
V. NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND CASE LAW ........................ 226
A. Introduction ...................................................................... 226
i. Applicable Law ............................................................... 226
B. National Arbitration Laws ................................................. 227
C. Case Law of National Courts .............................................. 230
D. National Rules ................................................................... 231
VI. CONCLUSION ....................................................................... 231
Bibliography ................................................................................. 233
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Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATE AND RELIGION
Game of Thrones: The Ongoing Discourse
on Religion and State in Israel (part 1)
Essay by Liana Voloch .......................................................................... 235
I. Introduction........................................................................... 236
II. Sources of Law in Israel ......................................................... 238
A. The Constitutional Revolution
and its Influence in Terms of Religion ................................... 240
B. “Jewish and Democratic State” .......................................... 242
CONFERENCE PAPER
Legal Regulation of Advocates Ethics
in the Russian Federation
Paper by Nikolay Kipnis ....................................................................... 247
CASE REVIEW
Freedom of Speech as it is: Talking about a French Comedian,
US Offi cial and the Russian Truth
Review by Maria Zakharova ……………………………………………………………258
V
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152
KUTAFIN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW
Dear readers,
Let us present the second volume of the Kutafi n University Law Review
(KULawR) to you. You are holding in your hands an innovative product created
behind the walls of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University for both Russian
and foreign legal community. Previously, apart from some exceptions, Russian
legal knowledge was not accessible for English-speaking auditoria.
The fi rst volume of the KULawR was published in September 2014. We
tried to present and spread it among wide range of lawyers over the World.
We would like to assure you that we are doing our best in order to create a
new international fora for international legal collaboration and exchanging
experiences and opinions in the framework of our journal.
The current volume covers different topics in the fi elds of constitutional,
international, contractual, international private branches of law as well as a
theory and history of law. It united authors from all over the world representing
different legal cultures with their unique understanding of law. It looks like
a real international consortium of legal mindset, estimations, opinions and
knowledge.
We would really like to welcome you to pages of the Kutafi n University Law
Review. You can also become a part of our Journal team. The KULawR equally
accepts submissions from both well-known scholars and talented newcomers.
It’s a great opportunity to make a step together in order to share our common
ideas and contribute to a legal scholarship.
The best ideas are always welcomed!
All additional information you can fi nd on the web page of the journal at
www.kulawr.ru.
Kindest regards,
Editors-in-Chief
Irina Alebastrova, PhD, Associate Professor
Paul Kalinichenko, Doctor of science (Law), Professor
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Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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153
ARTICLE
INTERNATIONAL LAW RAISON
D’ETRE AND THE GROUNDS FOR THE
INTERPRETIVE APPROACH
By Gianluigi Palombella
Author
PHD (Law), cum laude, Scuola Superiore di Pisa,1980
Full Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Parma and
Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari 'Sant'Anna' di Pisa
E-mail: g.palombella@sssup.it
Abstract
In constitutional States, principles are of different kinds. Some are
of procedural nature or point to the functioning of law (‘how’), some
others encapsulate the raison d’etre, purpose and value (‘what’ and
‘why’) of the legal order, as a whole. With regard to the International
legal system the second kind of principles remains much disputed
upon, although a clarification of such an issue would be of relevance
in the development of IL, especially in the adjudicative sphere.
One of the obstacles to overcome is certainly the account and
narrative that legal positivism has offered of IL. This article shall
explain, on the one hand, some weaknesses of traditional positivism,
with particular concern for the transformation and interweaving
of legalities in the supranational sphere. On the other hand, it shall
appraise especially the contribution by the late Ronald Dworkin
to IL, and how his interpretive theory of law can be projected onto
the international environment. Eventually, recent cases before
international Courts shall be considered, that expose the way judicial
reasoning actually profits from asking questions of principles.
Keywords
International law, principles, legal regimes, legal adjudication,
interpretivism, justice.
Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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154
KUTAFIN UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Re-setting the Scene in the Supranational Domain .............. 154
2. About Types and Function of Principles in IL ....................... 157
3. Dworkin’s Posthumous Work on a Theory
of International Law ............................................................. 164
4. An Interpretive (Adjudicative) Theory of law ....................... 167
5. An Interpretive Lens on Exemplary Case Law ...................... 170
6. Concluding Remarks ............................................................ 176
1. Re-setting the Scene in the Supranational Domain
1.1. In the last decade the approach to law has been deeply affected
by the constitutional way of thinking. It infl uences both the interpretive
endeavours of courts and legal theory advancements. The appearance of the
European constitutions, after World War II, shifted the legal universe from
the Rechsstaat, Stato di diritto,1
to the ‘constitutional’ legal State. This change
channeled the posited law through substantive and procedural principles
that have become the criteria of recognition, validity and constitutional
legitimacy of ordinary legislation. Mutatis mutandis - new frames have been
provided for the International Law (IL) under the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights, the United Nations Charter and the European Convention of
Human Rights. A large number of regional and quasi-universal agreements,
conventions and treaties reoriented legal intercourses, duties and guarantees
on the basis of a newly forged substantive programme of principles. And
as a matter of fact, despite their disputed nature, principles play a crucial
role in the International Law and the Administration of Justice. Principles
do not only fi ll the legal gaps, but also serve as fundamental means for the
interpretation of rules and the enhancement of legal reasoning.2
1
2
JR Silkenat, JE Hickey, PD Barenboim, The Legal Doctrines of the Rule of Law
and the Legal State (Rechtsstaat), Springer, Dordrecht 2014.
F Raimondo, General Principles of Law in the Decisions of International Criminal
Courts and Tribunals (Brill, Leiden 2008).
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Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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Gianluigi Palombella
International Law Raison D’etre and the Grounds for the Interpretive Approach
155
However, while a role of principles in States’ ambit increases,
International Law seems to overlook that special kind of principles which
characterizes the identity and builds up the foundation of a legal order.
This is due both to the dominant authority of legal positivism in western
legal theory, and to the poor elaboration that the latter has made of the
international legal order specifically.
1.2. Legal philosophers of the last century, apart from Hans Kelsen,
have barely deepened their understanding of International Law for both
cultural and analytical reasons. Herbert Hart understated the legality of IL,
as minor and incomplete, vis а vis the State, the perfect, central case, for
the concept of law.3
Such thesis can only in part be explained by the features
and the structure of the International Law of late 50s.
Last decade registers two different reactions in legal theory
scholarship. The first one concentrates on Hartian theory of law, and tries
to amend it from the inside. It acknowledges that chapter X of the Concept
of Law4
(Hart) is ‘embarrassing’,5
and that the thesis assuming the absence
of secondary rules in IL is erroneous.
This means that Hartian theory can and should be applied in the
international order, either for IL advancement in the subsequent years or
because of the characteristics that were overlooked by Hart.6
as well as those enshrined in the Vienna Convention
Hartian theory is also adopted in order to describe
This holds true
as well for the Hartian ‘fundamental norm’, id est the rule of recognition,
that is now found inside the IL system, through criteria set by Art. 38 of
the Statute of the ICJ7
for the Law of Treaties.8
the newly transformed scenarios where global legal authorities and extra3
4
5
6
7
8
ibid.
J
Waldron, ‘International Law: ‘A Relatively Small and Unimportant’ Part of
Jurisprudence?’ (2013) NYU Law, Public law and Legal Theory WP 209.
S Besson, ‘Theorizing the Sources of International Law’ (2010) The Philosophy of
International Law 163.
Waldron (n 1) 219.
Waldron (n 1) 219.
Volume 1 December 2014 Issue 2
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HLA Hart, The Concept of Law (with a Postscript edited by PA Bulloch and J Raz)
(2nd ed, OUP 1997).
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