Ирисханова ИГРЫ ФОКУСА В ЯЗЫКЕ S TUD I A P HIL O L O GI CA О. <...> What’s the best thing in the world? – Something out of it, I think. (Elizabeth Barrett Browning. <...> They’d make the most stylish vegetable list, even wearing a pink ballgown three sizes too big. (39) The mushoom staffed ravioli was the Gwyneth Paltrow of pastas: smooth, blond and lightweight… [Brdar, Brdar-Shabo 2007: 136]. <...> Newbury, Berks: Countryside Books, 1991, p. 115–225, BNC]. (53) Having fewer children, of course, gives rise to a situation which so many 20th -century parents will understand only too well: that one minute there are young babies in the house needing constant attention, while the next, in the twinkling of an eye it seems, Darby and Joan are staring around an empty house and having to re-learn the art of living with each other all over again [The Titford family 1547–1947. <...> And still within a summer’s night A something so transporting bright I clap my hands to see – Then veil my too inspecting face Lets such a subtle – shimmering grace Flutter too far for me – The wizard ingers never rest – The purple brook within the breast Still chafes it narrow bed – Still rears the East her amber Flag – Guides still the sun along the Crag His Caravan of Red – So looking on – the night – the morn Conclude the wonder gay – And I meet, coming thro’ the dews Another summer’s Day! (E. Dickinson. <...> Anderson 2000 – Anderson J. M. Cognitive Psychology and its Implications. <...> Language and the Cognitive Construal of the World. <...> Bechtel et al. 1998 – Bechtel W., Abrahamsen A., Graham G. The Life of Cognitive Science // Bechtel W., G. Graham G. (eds). <...> Bolinger 1992 – Bolinger D. About Furniture and Birds // Cognitive Linguistics. 1992. 3. <...> Bowden 1992 – Bowden J. Behind the prepositions: Grammaticalization of locatives in oceanic languages. <...> Bybee 2007 – Bybee J. Diachronic Linguistics // Geeraerts D., Cuyckens H. (eds). <...> The Oxford <...>
Игры_фокуса_в_языке._Семантика,_синтаксис_и_прагматика_дефокусирования.pdf
О. К. Ирисханова
ИГРЫ ФОКУСА
В ЯЗЫКЕ
Семантика, синтаксис
и прагматика дефокусирования
ЯЗЫКИ СЛАВЯНСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ
МОСКВА 2014
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320 — (Studia philologica).
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I SBN 978-5-9551-0678-6
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The research offers a cognitive-functional study of focus shifts underlying linguistic
meaning construction. It is assumed that although focus shifting in linguistic
expressions follows the universal principles of visual and auditory perception,
it is entrenched in the language and depends on the rules of the «language game».
The importance of defocusing as the ability to background some aspects of events
or objects is highlighted in the research. The author examines defocusing in the
Russian and English languages and argues that this process is a key meeting point
of semantics, syntax and pragmatics. The arguments are illustrated by a variety of
linguistic phenomena: from abstract nouns and indirect names to evasive speech
acts and narratives.
81
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ISBN 978-5-9551-0678-6
© « », 2014
© . ., 2014
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Стр.5
:
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
I
1.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.2.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.2.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1.2.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1.2.4. , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
1.2.5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
1.2.6. « – »
vs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
1.2.7.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
II
2.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
2.2.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
2.2.1. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Стр.6
6
2.2.2.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
2.2.3. . . . 135
2.2.4. : , ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
2.2.5. : . . . . . . . . 164
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
III
3.1. :
. . . . . . . . . . . 177
3.2. . . . . 214
3.3.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
IV
4.1.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
4.2. : . . . . . 260
4.3. :
. «Daughter, Last Glimpses of» . . . . . . . . . . . 277
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
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