Органический синтез и биотехнология УДК 576.311.347+577.23/.24 O.A. Fedorova3 D.D. Orlova1 , T.A. Grigoreva2 , V.G. Tribulovich4 MITOCHONDRIAL MORPHOGENESIS ROLE IN APOPTOSIS REGULATION (REVIEW) St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical university), Moskovskiy Pr., 26, St. Petersburg, 190013, Russia e-mail: orlova.daria.d@gmail.com Mitochondria are cellular organelles responsible for cell energy balance. <...> Such organelles are in dynamic homeostasis maintained by two different processes: regulated fission (fragmentation), which leads to smaller organelle formation, and fusion, which mediates tubular and netlike mitochondrial structure formation. <...> Regulation of such processes turned out to be more complex than it supposed to be and in spite of discovered proteins which regulate fission / fusion processes, new proteins which control these processes were recently identified. <...> Recently, Bcl-2 family members have been shown to be implicated in mitochondrial netlike structure maintenance in addition to their key role in regulation of apoptosis. <...> In this review we discuss mitochondrial fission / fusion mechanisms regulation and summarize available data on the role of Bcl-2 family members in the mitochondrial fission / fusion dynamics regulation. <...> DOI: 10.15217/issn1998984-9.2014.27.33 The role of mitochondria in cell energy cycle was established many years ago, however, the recent studies of mitochondrial dynamics have shown their role in a number of other physiological processes taking place at the cellular level in health and disease. <...> Mitochondria are dynamic organelles exposed to regulated fission, fusion, branching, intracellular localization changes, compositional changes including mitochondrial genome, reshaping, and quantity adjustment. <...> Shift towards the fusion process enables the formation of extended interconnected mitochondrial networks, whereas shift towards fission provoke production of a large amount of morphologically and functionally different small spherical organelles. <...> Mitochondria act as key regulators of apoptosis in mammalian cells. <...> Mitochondria-enriched fractions are necessary for caspase activation. <...> Mitochondria involvement in apoptosis is regulated by Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) protein. <...> This protein retains cells from death and under certain conditions plays the role of oncogene. <...> Besides, mitochondria contribute to cell death through caspase-independent mechanisms. <...> Mitochondria outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) leads <...>