The Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation Federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Kazan National Research Technological University» CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF NATURAL FUELS AND CARBON MATERIALS Study Guide Kazan KNRTU Publishing house 2016 1 UDK 665.642.2 BBK 35.51 Authors: E. A. Emelyanycheva, A. I. Abdullin, G. R. Timirbaeva, R. F. Khamidullin Chemical Engineering of Natural Fuels and Carbon Materials : Study Guide / Е. <...> ISBN 978-5-7882-1927-1 The Study Guide presents the basic content of practical part of the course "Fundamentals of natural fuels and carbon materials chemical engineering" with examples and tasks for student self-directed learning. <...> CALCULATION OF THERMAL EFFECTS OF HYDROCARBON REACTIONS 2. <...> TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THERMAL EFFECT OF A REACTION 3. <...> GIBBS FREE ENERGY AS A MEASURE OF THE THERMODYNAMIC FEASIBILITY OF A CHEMICAL REACTION 4. <...> THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT OF A CHEMICAL REACTION 5. <...> CONVERSION OF CARBOCATIONS IN CATALYTIC PROCESSES 8. <...> HYDROCARBON PROCESSING MATERIALS AND HEAT BALANCES CALCULATIONS VOCABULARY BANK APPENDIXES BIBLIOGRAPHY 41 52 55 68 78 95 4 INTRODUCTION industry. <...> An oil refinery is considered to be an essential part of the petroleum An oil refinery or petroleum refinery includes industrial processes, where crude oil is processed and refined into such products as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). <...> The crude oil feedstock is typically processed in an oil production plant. <...> Crude oil contains hydrocarbons of varying molecular masses, forms and lengths such as paraffins (alkanes), aromatics (arenes), naphthenes (or cycloalkanes). <...> Also there are heteroatoms such as sulfur, nitrogen and oxigen containing compounds of varying complexity in crude oil. <...> The octane grade of gasoline can also be improved by catalytic reforming, which involves removing hydrogen from hydrocarbons producing compounds with higher octane ratings such as aromatics. <...> Intermediate products such as gasoils can be reprocessed to break a heavy, long-chained molecules into a lighter short-chained ones by various forms of cracking such as catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, and hydrocracking. <...> Petroleum <...>
Chemical_Engineering_of_Natural_Fuels_and_Carbon_Materials__Study_Guide.pdf
UDK 665.642.2
BBK 35.51
Authors: E. A. Emelyanycheva, A. I. Abdullin, G. R. Timirbaeva,
R. F. Khamidullin
Chemical Engineering of Natural Fuels and Carbon Materials : Study
Guide / Е. А. Emelyanycheva [et al]; The Ministry of Education and Science
of the Russian Federation, Kazan National Research Technological
University. – Kazan : KNRTU Publishing House, 2016. – 96 p.
ISBN 978-5-7882-1927-1
The Study Guide presents the basic content of practical part of the
course "Fundamentals of natural fuels and carbon materials chemical
engineering" with examples and tasks for student self-directed learning.
The Study Guide is intended for students studying Bachelor program
18.03.01 "Chemical Engineering" and 21.03.01 "Petroleum Engineering." It
can be also useful for students studying Bachelor programs of Petroleum and
Petrochemistry Faculty.
The Study Guide is prepared by Chemical Technology of Petroleum
and Gas Processing Department of KNRTU.
It is published by the decision of Editing and Publishing Board of
Kazan National Research Technological University
Reviewers: E. S. Okhotnikova, A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic
and Physical Chemistry, Ph.D. in Chemical Science
A. F. Kemalov, Professor of Kazan Federal
University, D.Sc. in Technical Science
ISBN 978-5-7882-1927-1 © Emelyanycheva Е. А., Abdullin A. I.,
Timirbaeva G. R., Khamidullin R. F., 2016
© Kazan National Research Technological
University, 2016
2
Стр.2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
1. THERMOCHEMISTRY. CALCULATION OF THERMAL
EFFECTS OF HYDROCARBON REACTIONS
2. THERMAL PROPERTIES OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS.
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THERMAL EFFECT OF
A REACTION
3. GIBBS FREE ENERGY AS A MEASURE OF THE
THERMODYNAMIC FEASIBILITY OF A CHEMICAL
REACTION
4. THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT OF A CHEMICAL
REACTION
5. KINETICS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
6.
BOND STRENGTH IN THE MOLECULES OF
HYDROCARBONS. REACTIONS OF THE RADICALS.
THERMAL CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS
32
5
9
15
20
24
28
3
Стр.3
7. OIL REFINING PROCESSES IN THE PRESENCE OF
ACIDIC CATALYSTS. CONVERSION OF CARBOCATIONS
IN CATALYTIC PROCESSES
8. THE CHEMISTRY OF HYDROCATALYTIC PROCESSES
9. HYDROCARBON PROCESSING MATERIALS AND HEAT
BALANCES CALCULATIONS
VOCABULARY BANK
APPENDIXES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
41
52
55
68
78
95
4
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