Science and technology in agriculture. 20 Unit 4 Classical plant breeding. 25 Unit 5. <...> Weeds and modern methods of weed control . 44 Supplementary reading . 50 Appendix 1. <...> Read, translate the text and complete the tasks below: The Chemical Properties of Soils All soil has chemical properties, which are important to how other agents react to the soil. <...> For instance, the chemical properties of the soil determine what plant life can grow in the soil, as well as other factors like soil's effect on water in the environment. <...> There are five chemical properties of soil, including pH, salinity, cation exchange, organic matter and carbon to nitrogen ratio. 1) pH The soil's pH tells how much acid or alkaline it contains. <...> If the soil is too acidic or too alkaline, the plant will eventually die. <...> Buildup can also occur due to irrigation water, compost, manure and fertilizers. <...> Approximately 3 inches of water can remove 50 percent of the salts, while 5 inches can remove 90 percent. 3) Cation Exchange Capacity Cation exchange capacity is the soil's potential to hold cations (positively charged ions). <...> Soil particles are made up of silicate and aluminosilicate clay and are negatively charged colloids (matter that is scattered evenly throughout another matter). <...> Cations are bound to the surface of these particles. 4) Organic Matter Organic matter, the remains of plants and animals, has many beneficial effects on soil properties. <...> The physical effects are that it evens out the soil structure, lowers bulk solidity and can develop water-holding distinctiveness. <...> Organic matter also has a higher cation exchange capacity and can act as a pH barrier. <...> Furthermore, organic matter provides energy and bodybuilding components for soil organisms and is a resource for nutrients. 5) Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio The carbon to nitrogen ratio for soils ranges from 8:1 to 15:1, and is typically between 10:1 and 12:1. <...> Climate conditions affect the variations that can occur. 5 In dry regions, the carbon to nitrogen ratio tends to be lower. <...> Physical Properties of Soils The structure of soil <...>
Английский_язык_в_профессиональном_общении.Общее_земледелие._Учебное_пособие_для_магистрантов..pdf
УДК 42(02)
ББК 81.2 Англ
И 74
Рекомендовано к изданию редакционно-издательским советом
Оренбургского государственного аграрного университета
(председатель – профессор В. В. Каракулев).
Рассмотрено на заседании кафедры иностранных языков
(протокол № 6 от 10 февраля 2014 г.) и рекомендовано к изданию
методической комиссией юридического факультета ОГАУ
(протокол № 7 от 27 февраля 2014 г.)
РЕЦЕНЗЕНТЫ:
кандидат педагогических наук, доцент Т.А.Губарева
кандидат педагогических наук, доцент З.Х.Галькиева
И 74
Инякина, Любовь Сергеевна.
Английский язык в профессиональном общении. Общее земледелие:
учебное пособие для магистрантов направления подготовки
110400.68 «Агрономия» / Л.С. Инякина, Л.Р. Валитова. – Оренбург:
Издательский центр ОГАУ, 2014.– 72 с.
1. Валитова, Лилия Радиковна.
Пособие содержит методически обработанный материал для обучения
чтению, аннотированию и реферированию оригинальной научной
литературы по будущей узкой специальности магистрантов.
УДК 42(02)
ББК 81.2 Англ
© Инякина Л.С., Валитова Л.Р., 2014
© Издательский центр ОГАУ, 2014
Стр.3
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Структура пособия.....……............................................................................. 4
Unit 1. Genetic inheritance................................................................................. 5
Unit 2. Plant breeding ……………................................................................. 13
Unit 3. Science and technology in agriculture................................................. 20
Unit 4 Classical plant breeding........................................................................ 25
Unit 5. Techniques of genetic engineering .................................................. 29
Unit 6. Selection methods in plant breeding.............................................. 33
Unit 7. Plant diseases and protection............................................................ 39
Unit 8. Weeds and modern methods of weed control .................................... 44
Supplementary reading .................................................................................. 50
Appendix 1. Speech practice............................................................................ 65
Appendix 2. Professional communication....................................................... 59
Appendix 3. Annotation and referring............................................................. 65
Literature........................................................................................................ 71
3
Стр.4