112 Section MOLECULAR ANTHROPOLOGY – NEW ADVANCES Section MOLECULAR ANTHROPOLOGY – NEW ADVANCES THE GENE POOL OF INDIGENOUS CRIMEAN POPULATIONS: MEDITERRANEAN MEETS EURASIAN STEPPE Agdzhoyan Anastasiya1 Dibirova Khadizhat1,2 Villems Richard3 , Chukhryaeva Marina1,2 , Yusupov Yuldash2,6 , Balanovska Elena2 , Kuznetsova Marina1,2 , Mustafaeva Lilia5 , Balanovsky Oleg1,2 1Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia 3Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia 4V.N. <...> Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine 5Medical Centre for the Formerly Deported Peoples, Simferopol, Russia 6Institute for Humanities Research of Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia Crimean Greeks are far descendants of Ancient Greek Colonists of Crimea and following Greeks migrants. <...> The history of other ethnic group of the Crimean peninsula – Crimean Tatars – is linked with migrations of Eurasian steppe nomads in XIII century, which likely mixed with predating populations of Crimea. <...> Three most informative modern genetic systems were used for the reliable reconstruction of ethnogenesis of these indigenous Crimean populations: 1) genome-wide autosomal SNP markers representing the genetic contribution of both parents; 2) mitochondrial DNA markers (maternal line); 3) Y-chromosomal markers (paternal line). <...> We analyzed totally 400 DNA samples from unrelated male volunteers which representing three sub-ethnic groups of Crimean Tatars (Steppe, Mountain, Coastal) and two sub-ethnic groups of Crimean Greeks (Urums, Romeis). <...> The results of uniparental markers analysis (multidimensional scaling, maps of genetics distances) coincided with that of biparental autosomal SNP markers (principal component and ADMIXTURE analyses). <...> Gene pool of Steppe Crimean Tatars carries mainly the genetic component typical for Turkic populations from Eurasian steppe (Nogais, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Kazan Tatars, Chuvashes). <...> Another genetic component dominant in East Mediterranean peoples (especially, in Greeks and Turks) is mostly expressed in Mountain and Coastal Crimean Tatars and in both Crimean Greeks populations. <...> No notable genetic similarity of indigenous Crimean populations with their closest geographical neighbors – Ukrainians and Russians – was revealed. <...> It is the most likely <...>