International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
November
2011
# 11
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Yu. <...> Snegiryova
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
Yushchenko K.A., Savchenko V.S., Chervyakov N.O.,
Zvyagintseva A.V., Monko G.G. and Pestov V.A.
Comparative evaluation of sensitivity of welded joints on
alloy Inconel 690 to hot cracking ................................................... 2
Poznyakov V.D., Kiriakov V.M., Gajvoronsky A.A., Kasatkin
S.B., Klapatyuk A.V., Taranenko S.D. and Proshchenko
V.A. Influence of technological factors on resistance to
delayed fracture of butt joints of rail steel in arc welding ................ 8
Kuchuk-Yatsenko V.S. Flash-butt welding of
high-temperature nickel alloy using nano-structured foils .............. 12
Shlepakov V.N., Gavrilyuk Yu. <...> Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2011
INDUSTRIAL
Makhlin N.M., Korotynsky A.E., Bogdanovsky V.A.,
Omelchenko I.A. and Sviridenko A.A. Single- and
multioperator systems for automatic welding of position
butt joints of nuclear power plant piping ....................................... 28
Zaruba I.I., Andreev V.V., Stepakhno V.I. and Koritsky V.A.
Ways of increasing the technological efficiency of rectifiers
for mechanized welding and surfacing (Review) ............................ 37
Makovetskaya O.K. State-of-the-art and prospects of
market of steel and welding equipment in China (Review) ............ 41
BRIEF INFORMATION
Kolyada V.A. System of video observation of the process
of TIG welding of titanium structures ............................................ 46
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SENSITIVITY
OF WELDED JOINTS ON ALLOY INCONEL 690
TO HOT CRACKING
K.A. YUSHCHENKO, V.S. SAVCHENKO, N.O. CHERVYAKOV, A.V. ZVYAGINTSEVA,
G.G. MONKO and V.A. PESTOV
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
Sensitivity of metal of the welds made with wires Inconel® 52 and Inconel® 52MSS to hot cracking was evaluated. <...> The
machine testing methods (Varestraint-Test and PVR-Test), which provide for forced deformation of test specimens during
welding, were used. <...> The welds made with wire Inconel 52MSS were shown <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№11_2011.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
November
2011
# 11
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kyrian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. and
.
Comparative evaluation of sensitivity of welded joints on
alloy Inconel 690 to hot cracking ................................................... 2
. and
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
and
. Influence of technological factors on resistance to
delayed fracture of butt joints of rail steel in arc welding ................ 8
. Flash-butt welding of
high-temperature nickel alloy using nano-structured foils .............. 12
. and
.
Development of flux-cored wire for arc welding of
high-strength steel of bainite class ............................................... 15
. and
.
Analysis of spectrum of the welding arc light for
monitoring of arc welding (Review) ............................................... 19
.
. In-process quality control of welded panels
of alloy VT20 using method of electron shearography ................... 22
INDUSTRIAL
. and
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
$324, 12 issues per year,
postage and packaging included.
Back issues available.
All rights reserved.
This publication and each of the articles
contained herein are protected by copyright.
Permission to reproduce material contained in
this journal must be obtained in writing from
the Publisher.
Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2011
. Single- and
multioperator systems for automatic welding of position
butt joints of nuclear power plant piping ....................................... 28
. and
. State-of-the-art and prospects of
market of steel and welding equipment in China (Review) ............ 41
BRIEF INFORMATION
. System of video observation of the process
of TIG welding of titanium structures ............................................ 46
.
Ways of increasing the technological efficiency of rectifiers
for mechanized welding and surfacing (Review) ............................ 37
Founders:
E. r
Inte
O
.
Pa iona
a
n
ton Ele
t
ctr
l A
ssocia
t
ic W
e
lding Institute
l
ion «W
e
of the
ding»
NA
S of Ukr
a
ine
Yushchenko K.A., Savchenko V.S., Chervyakov N.O.,
Zvyagintseva A.V., Monko G.G
Pub
l
isher:
Inte
Pest
ov V.A
Editorial b
o
ard:
International editorial c
ounc
il:
Kuchuk-Yatsenko V.S
r
n
a
t
iona
l A
ssocia
t
ion «W
e
l
ding»
Poznyakov V.D., Kiriakov V.M., Gajvoronsky A.A., Kasatkin
S.B., Klapatyuk A.V., Taranenko S.D
V.A
Shlepakov V.N., Gavrilyuk Yu.A
Proshchenko
Lazorenko Ya.P., Shapovalov E.V
Lysak V.V
Promotion group:
Translators:or:
Elec
Edi
t
Lobanov L.M., Pivtorak V.A., Savitskaya E.M., Kiyanets I.V
Sviridenko A.A
Na
umejko S.M
Kolyada V.A
tron galley:
EInte
. P
11, Bozhenko str., 0
.O rnati e x:T a
a o
tonnal A
E
l
E-mai
h
l. (: 3 ( 8044) a
://www.n
ssoc
i
38044)
ttp
Address: 368
ati 0
ectric Weld 200 82 77
,
in
F l: journal@paton.ki
s.gov.u
o Kyiv, U
g In
n «We
stitu
t
200 81 45
ldi k
ngraine
e,
»,
e
v.ua
a/p
w
j
Makhlin N.M., Korotynsky A.E., Bogdanovsky V.A.,
Omelchenko I.A
Korit
Zaruba I.I., Andreev V.V., Stepakhno V.I
Makovetskaya O.K
Subscriptions:
Kolyada V.A
s
ky V.A
Стр.1
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SENSITIVITY
OF WELDED JOINTS ON ALLOY INCONEL 690
TO HOT CRACKING
K.A. YUSHCHENKO, V.S. SAVCHENKO, N.O. CHERVYAKOV, A.V. ZVYAGINTSEVA,
G.G. MONKO and V.A. PESTOV
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
Sensitivity of metal of the welds made with wires Inconel® 52 and Inconel® 52MSS to hot cracking was evaluated. The
machine testing methods (Varestraint-Test and PVR-Test), which provide for forced deformation of test specimens during
welding, were used. The welds made with wire Inconel 52MSS were shown to be more resistant to ductility dip cracking,
but several times more sensitive to solidification cracking. Evaluation of ductile properties of the weld metal using the
«Ala-Too» machine showed that the Inconel 52MSS type weld metal had no ductility dip, whereas the Inconel 52 type
weld metal was characterized by a pronounced decrease in the elongation values.
Keywords: TIG welding, nickel alloys, filler wire, weld
metal, evaluation of crack resistance, ductility dip range, grain
boundary, forced deformation
Welded joints on high-alloy steels with a stable
austenitic structure and nickel alloys are known to be
characterised by high sensitivity to hot cracking during
fusion welding. As to their nature, hot cracks can
be subdivided into two types (Figure 1): solidification
(type 1) and underbead (type 2) cracks that form in
the process of thermal-force loading of the multi-pass
weld metal zones [1]. The temperature range of formation
of the solidification cracks depends on the
range of the solid-liquid state of metal during solidification
of the weld. The lower limit of this range is
determined by the value of solidus temperature at the
end of solidification, TS. The ductility dip temperature
range is determined by an approximate ratio of (0.6—
0.8)TS [2]. In this range the cracks initiate and propagate
along the boundaries of high-angle austenitic
grains [3].
The sensitivity to hot cracking is determined by
the following factors [4—8]:
• chemical composition of the weld metal in terms
of the content of main and impurity elements, having
a limited solubility in solid solution and determining
the solidification temperature range;
• value and rate of the growth of strain in solidification
of the weld and its subsequent cooling;
• presence of conditions for redistribution of impurity
elements, such as carbon, sulphur, oxygen etc.,
characterised by a high diffusivity under the thermalforce
impact on metal by the fusion welding process;
• formation of the fine weld structure in one- and
multi-pass welding, which determines the process of
plastic deformation in metal of the polycrystalline
welds;
• cohesive strength of grain boundaries in the welds
with a stable austenitic structure, which determines
conditions for initiation of hot cracks.
The purpose of this study was to perform comparative
evaluation and investigation of the sensitivity of
welds and welded joints on alloy Inconel 690 made
by using welding wires Inconel 52 and Inconel 52MSS
to hot cracking.
Special specimens are available for simulation of
Figure 1. Temperature ranges in which low ductility leads to formation
of two types of the cracks during welding [1]: S – solidus;
R – recrystallisation
2
conditions of deformation of the deposited metal in
multi-pass welding of real structures. Evaluation of
the sensitivity to hot cracking, including in the multipass
welds, is performed on the test specimens simulating
the thermal-force impact exerted by the welding
process on formation of the weld structure and initiation
of hot cracks. Also, the use is made of the machine
testing methods with the graduated forced deformation.
In this case the most efficient methods are
Varestraint-Test and PVR-Test (Programmierter Verformungs-Riss
Test) [9]. So, these methods were employed
to evaluate the sensitivity to solidification
cracking, as well as to ductility-dip cracking in multipass
welding of nickel alloy Inconel 690 by using
welding wire Inconel 52MSS characterised, according
to the preliminary data, by high crack resistance in
the low-temperature ductility dip range. Investiga©
K.A. YUSHCHENKO, V.S. SAVCHENKO, N.O. CHERVYAKOV, A.V. ZVYAGINTSEVA, G.G. MONKO and V.A. PESTOV, 2011
11/2011
Стр.2