The object of the study was leached and ordinary chernozem. <...> The studies were conducted in short-term and long-term stationary experiments according to standard techniques. <...> Analysis of soils and vegetation samples were carried out according to conventional methods of agrophysical, biological and agrochemical research. <...> In long-term experiments the authors determined basic agrophysical indicators of fertility used for the evaluation of the degree of soil exhaustion: soil density (g/cm3), soil hardness (kg/cm2), the content of aggregates of more than 10 mm (%). <...> Due to attained results the authors propose a rating scale of the degree of chernozem soil exhaustion and the adaptability of soils for ЦТЧТЦТгТЧР ЦaТЧ sШТl trОatЦОЧt. <...> TСО autСШrs ОstТЦatОН valuОs ШП tСО НОРrОО ШП sШТl ОбСaustТШЧ (Š) depending on agrophysical indicators of fertility, cultivated agricultural crops, field fertility differentiation, substantiated systems of main soil treatment in crop rotation, proposed to consider several levels of the coefficients of agrophysical indicators of fertility (1, 2, 3) depending on the degree of soil exhaustion, concrete agricultural crop and individual characteristics of each field or even its parts. <...> On medium (Š=0.80-0.97) and heavy (Š=0.98-1.50) plowed chernozem soils the following systems of main soil treatment in crop rotation are recommended: moldboard plowing, boardless plowing, intended for different depth combined with maximum application of biologization methods in crop rotation (green-manured fallow, stubble crops, perennial grasses, trash cover farming, manurial treatment and application of defecate) in combination with recommended doses of mineral fertilizers. <...> Andreini M.S., Steenhuis T.S. Preferential paths of flow under conservation and conventional tillage // Geoderma. 1990. <...> Nielsen R.A., Baltensperger D.D., Anderson F. Response of wheat to phosphorus placement under three tillage systems in a wheat-fallow rotation // American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting. <...> Разработана шкала оценки степени выпаханности
черноземов и пригодности почв к минимализации основной обработки. <...>