Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2013, № 3, p. 12-17 UDC 632.9:574.472(571.1) ABOUT A ROLE OF BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN THE PHYTOSANITARY OPTIMIZATION OF AGRARIAN LANDSCAPES 2 Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation, 26, prosp. <...> Karla Marksa, Novosibirsk, 630087 Russia e-mail: helento@ngs.ru 1 Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 160, ul. <...> Marmuleva1 Received November 21, 2012 S umma r y The ecological compatibility of plant cultivation technologies involves the ecological management not only in the agrocenosis, but also in adjacent to them nature stations constituent the agrolandscapes. <...> Phytosanitarian situation in modern agroecosystems of Western Siberia requires a stabilization on two the most numerous and harmful ecological groups of damaging organisms — soil-inhabiting or root-tuberous, and surface-inhabiting or leaf-stem. <...> In the forest-steppe zone of Novosibirsk oblast’ and Altai the authors estimated a phytosanitarian state of the plants and a soil in the conditions of factory farms. <...> It was shown, that the mechanisms of realization of biological variety creation considerably differ for ecological groups of soil-born and air-born harmful organisms. <...> For soil-born species it is effectively to create a biological variety in time by alternation of crops in rotations, and for air-born — mosaic distribution of different plant species in space. <...> Ecologization of plant growing technology is a priority direction of modern agriculture. <...> This approach provides the ecologically oriented control of both agrocenoses and surrounding natural habitats that form agricultural landscapes (1). <...> Management of agricultural landscapes comes out of a real need in protection of cultivated crops against plant pathogens, because natural habitats closely interact with agrocenoses through migrations of the insect fauna, plant pathogens, and weeds. <...> The degree of this association is different and it must be considered in development of systems for phytosanitary monitoring and forecasting the state of agricultural ecosystems, as well as technologies of crop cultivation (2). <...> Phytosanitary condition of modern agroecosystems of Western Siberia requires stabilization in respect of two most numerous and harmful ecological groups of pests that damage underground (roots and tubers) and aboveground organs of plants (leaves and stems) pathogens (3). <...> Specific strategies of their life cycles (K-strategy in soil and r-strategy aboveground) underlie differential approaches of pest control and the content of programs and methods used for increasing biodiversity of agricultural <...>