Sel’skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya [Agricultural Biology], 2013, № 1, p. 61-67 UDK 632.78:577.21 VARIABILITY OF MOLECULAR GENETIC STRUCTURE IN CODLING MOTH Cydia pomonella (L.) POPULATIONS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF INSECTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES V.I. Kil’, E.N. Besedina All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Biological Plant Protection, RAAS, Krasnodar 350039, Russia e-mail: vlkil@inbox.ru Received September 19, 2011 S u m m a r y The results of the PCR analysis of two codling moth populations using RAPD and SSR markers are presented. <...> The molecular genetic structure of investigated pest populations is described and its variability under influence of insecticides, varying climatic conditions during 2008 to 2011 and geographic location is studied. <...> The intra-population genetic diversity by two microsatellite loci was estimated in pests from the gardens with different insecticide press. <...> Genetic diversity of codling moth populations was shown to depend mainly on genetic features of the populations, bur not on the insecticide load or weather conditions. <...> Population genetics of insect pests is an important aspect of monitoring of pests’ migrations and gene flow (1, 2). <...> The study of changes in molecular-genetic structure of pest populations is the way to reveal mechanisms of their insecticide resistance (3). <...> Codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is the main pest of fruit orchards in the world that causes a considerable economic damage. <...> This pest is the target of more than 70% insecticide treatments in pest control of fruit crops (4). <...> At the same time, such information is important for planning the strategy of crop protection (5). <...> Previously, the authors investigated the molecular genetic structure of codling moth in different geographical populations using RAPD, ISSR, and SSR markers (6-9) . <...> The purpose of this work was studying the effects of insecticides, geographical location, and climatic conditions of the year on molecular-genetic structure and genetic diversity in populations of Cydia pomonella. <...> The objects of observations were two populations of codling moth (Krasnodar Krai, 2008-2010). <...> The insects were collected with pheromone traps in orchards grown under unequal intensity of insecticide treatment: Krasnodar population – in orchards of the All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Biological Plant Protection (VNIIBZR <...>