Fuchika, Balashikha, 143900 Russia, e-mail zabudsky@hotmail.com A b s t r a c t Herein, the data are summarized on the impact of such selection criteria as poultry cannibalism, ascites resistance, stress responsiveness, and primary immune response to reproductive function in poultry. <...> Broilers’ mortality because of ascites makes 5-10 %, and at the lowered temperature of the environment can reach 50 % calculated from world production (H. Pavlidis et al., 2007). <...> Prerequisites to development of the disorder are formed during embryogenesis (E. Decuypere еt al., 2000). <...> In the embryos who are the descendants of ascite resistant poultry (L), a relative heart weight is reliable higher, and pipping shells and a hatching occur earlier, than in L+ genotype lines for which the hypothyroidism and tachycardia are characteristic (D. Luger et al., 2002). <...> An observed increase in egg incubation period in L+ lines can be caused by lower activity of thyroid gland and an increased pCO2 in egg air camera, and as a result, the embryos suffered from hypoxia. <...> A positive correlation is revealed between the development of lungs and the thyroid gland activity during embryogenesis, i.e. the lungs volume is the larger the higher thyroidal hormone rate, and vice versa (M. Hassanzadeh et al., 2008). <...> In the chickens with better developed lungs, grown up under chronic hypoxia, the mortality from ascites was reliably lower. <...> The heart beating in L+ and L 1-day chickens differed, being on average 435 and 404 beats per minute, respectively, but to the day 17 the difference practically leveled (419 and 417 beats per minute, respectively) due to a decreased rate in L+ and an increased rate in L. <...> Divergent selection for the feather pecking behavior causes differentiation in reactivity of the neuro-endocrine and immune systems (A. Buitenhuis, 2006). <...> There are the evidences that the optimized incubation protocols for meat hens can prevent broiler chicks from ascites and improve safety of the poultry. <...> Feather pecking reduced in the course of selected is associated with improvements in egg production (number and weight of eggs), but the deterioration in the quality of hatching eggs, the results of incubation, the state of derived chickens and changes of stress responsiveness and(or) immune response. <...> Selection for humoral immune response <...>