International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
January
2011
#1
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Unique technology developed by Ukrainian scientists for
elimination of underwater accidents in oil and gas pipelines ................... 2
Yu. <...> N. Indicators of stability of the GMAW process ...................... 6
Ternovoj E.G., Shulym V.F., Bulatsev A.R., Solomijchuk T.G.
and Kostin V.A. Properties and structure of circumferential
joints of tubes made by orbital electron beam welding ......................... 14
Kravchuk L.A., Zagornikov V.I. and Kuleshov I.A. Electron
International editorial council:
N.P.Alyoshin
U.Diltey
Guan Qiao
D. von Hofe
V.I.Lysak
N.I.Nikiforov
B.E.Paton
Ya. <...> Prepared by TPWJ Editorial Board
1/2011
5
INDICATORS OF STABILITY OF THE GMAW PROCESS
Yu. <...> N. LANKIN
E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
Formulation of the term of stability of the GMAW process is offered. <...> A set of indicators of the process stability is suggested for each welding method and character of metal
transfer. <...> K e y w o r d s : arc welding, metal electrode, welding process
quality, welding process stability, indicators of stability
One of the main indicators of quality of the gas metal-arc welding (GMAW) process is its stability,
which is closely related to such quality indicators as
spattering and quality of weld formation. <...> The purpose of this study is to formulate the notion
of stability of the GMAW process and choose the
indicators of stability depending on the welding
method and type of transfer of the electrode metal
into the weld pool. <...> GOST 25616—83 (ST
SEV 3235—81) mentions the «welding process stability» term only for manual stick electrode welding,
but gives no formulation for it [1]. <...> Later on, developers of these standards formulated the «welding process stability» term for manual and mechanised welding
as follows [2, 3]: «Term «the stable welding process»
implies a process which provides <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№1_2011.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
January
2011
# 1
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kirian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
Unique technology developed by Ukrainian scientists for
elimination of underwater accidents in oil and gas pipelines ................... 2
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. Indicators of stability of the GMAW process ...................... 6
.
and
. Properties and structure of circumferential
joints of tubes made by orbital electron beam welding ......................... 14
. and
. Electron
beam welding of heat exchangers with single or double
refraction of the electron beam ........................................................... 18
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
. and
. Deformations of welded joints in
multilayer electroslag welding .............................................................. 23
. Detachability of slag crust in arc welding
(Review). Part 1. Mechanism of chemical adhesion of slag
crust to weld metal ............................................................................. 28
. and
INDUSTRIAL
and
.
Concentrations of carbon oxide and nitrogen dioxide in air of a
working zone in covered-electrode welding ......................................... 32
.
. All-purpose power source for arc welding
and plasma cutting ............................................................................. 36
. and
.
State-of-the-art of development and manufacture of
low-hydrogen electrodes with double-layer coating in CIS
countries (Review) .............................................................................. 41
.
and
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
$324, 12 issues per year,
postage and packaging included.
Back issues available.
All rights reserved.
This publication and each of the articles
contained herein are protected by copyright.
Permission to reproduce material contained in
this journal must be obtained in writing from
the Publisher.
Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2011
. Devices for impact treatment of a weld in
the process of resistance spot welding ................................................ 45
BRIEF INFORMATION
. and
. New information on «old»
electrodes .......................................................................................... 48
NEWS
Branch meeting-conference «Status and Main Directions of
Development of Welding Production in OJSC «Gazprom» ..................... 50
Report-and-Election Conference of the Ukrainian Welding
Society ............................................................................................... 52
5th International Seminar «New Research Areas in the Field of
Welding Live Soft Tissues» .................................................................. 53
The 3d Paton Readings-2010 .............................................................. 55
Pub
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Founders:
E. r
Inte
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Pa iona
a
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ton Ele
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t
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Lankin Yu.N
Editorial b
o
ard:
NA
S of Ukr
a
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Ternovoj E
Ko
stin
.G., Shulym V.F., Bula
rn
V.
Krav
International editorial c
ounc
il:
A
ch
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k
L.
A.
,
Zago
Ko
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l
i
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S.
Moravetsky S.I nko O.G., Lukia
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Promotion group:
isher:
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n
a
t
iona
l A
ssocia
t
ion «W
e
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ding»
ts
ev A.R., Solomijchuk T.G
A
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iko
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Lychko I.I
n
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sh
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Ga
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Translators:or:
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Edi
t
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a
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h
rche
a
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uzov V.A., Lebedev V.A., Ma
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Стр.1
UNIQUE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPED BY UKRAINIAN
SCIENTISTS FOR ELIMINATION OF UNDERWATER
ACCIDENTS IN OIL AND GAS PIPELINES
On the 3rd of December 2010 the E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
presented a revolutionary development made by the Ukrainian scientists: technology and facilities
for prevention of disasters, such as that occurred in April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. The presentation
was attended by representatives of the scientific community from a number of institutes of the NAS
of Ukraine, the Chamber of Industry and Commerce of Ukraine, associates of embassies, and mass
media. Representatives from the Administration of the President of Ukraine, ministries, agencies,
L.K. Kadenyuk – pilot-cosmonaut of Ukraine, as well as representatives from oil-producing
companies «Chevron», «Conoco Phillips», «Exxon Mobil», «Royal Dutch-Shell» and «British
Petroleum» were also invited.
The presentation was opened by Prof. B.E. Paton. He evaluated the disaster that took place near
the U.S. coast as the most large-scale one in the history based on the consequences for the environment
– over a million of barrels of oil in water, pollution of the coast of four American states,
losses of the «British Petroleum» Company and U.S. Government worth of billions, and contamination
with oil followed by contamination with chemicals used to eliminate oil.
The oil and gas production technologies have been improved during the last thirty years. However,
the methods for controlling the accident consequences have remained unchanged. Therefore, the
tragedy in the Gulf of Mexico may recur in other countries as well. At the same time, people will
not stop extracting hydrocarbons, as the demand for them will grow by 15—20 %, according to
forecasts for the next ten years.
The disaster forced the world leading countries to take the unprecedented measures aimed at
developing new approaches to prevent accidents in production of hydrocarbons in offshore areas.
Leaders of the G-20 countries gave special consideration to this issue at the summit in Toronto,
which was reflected in the statement of this summit. The European countries having territorial
waters decided to revise the rules for companies involved in oil and gas production in their shelves.
Reaction of the Russian Government to the accident in the Gulf of Mexico did not to take long to
appear either. It repeated in many ways approaches of the American Side. One month after the
accident in the Gulf of Mexico the Russian President charged the Government with working out
of the «Protection of Russian Seas from Oil Contamination» Law, which had to regulate obligations
and responsibilities of the producing companies in case of oil contamination of the Russian shelf.
In Ukraine, the oil and gas deposits in the Black Sea shelf have been exploited since the Soviet
times, and now it is planned to explore new deposits. Moreover, there are huge deposits of noxious
and explosive hydrogen sulfide gas in the Black Sea at a depth of more than 50 m. If a high pressure
pipe fails at the bottom, it would cause an irreversible damage to the coats. N.Ya. Azarov, the
Prime Minister of Ukraine, noted in this connection that «...after the catastrophe in the Gulf of
Mexico, I have a question of the price. If such an accident had occurred in the Crimea, we would
have lost not only the Peninsular, but also the entire Black Sea coats, starting from the border
with Moldova and ending with the Taman. We have to think over this price very seriously».
The accident at the Deepwater Horizon forced the Caspian states to look in a new way at their
plans to increase the volumes of extraction of hydrocarbons from the Caspian Sea deposits and
their transportation to external markets by using tanker fleets.
Turkey’s Energy Minister Taner Yildiz pointed to the necessity to take the urgent measures to
protect the Black Sea from catastrophes and accidents related to extraction and transportation of
hydrocarbons. Turkish authorities are considering different tools to minimise threats of such events.
2
1/2011
Стр.2