International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
May
2010
#5
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Founders: E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute of the NAS of Ukraine
International Association «Welding»
Publisher: International Association «Welding»
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
CONTENTS
Editorial board:
Contribution of Welders into Great Victory ............................................ 2
Yu. <...> N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
Yushchenko K.A., Savchenko V.S., Chervyakov N.O. and
Zvyagintseva A.V. Probable mechanism of cracking of
stable-austenitic welds caused by oxygen segregation ......................... 5
Makhnenko V.I., Velikoivanenko E.A., Rozynka G.F. and
Pivtorak N.I. Improvement of method for estimation of the risk
of fracture within the thinning zone on walls of main pipelines .............. 10
International editorial council:
N.P.Alyoshin
U.Diltey
Guan Qiao
D. von Hofe
V.I.Lysak
N.I.Nikiforov
B.E.Paton
Ya. <...> The technology of defectless welding was developed (V.I. Dyatlov, A.I. Ivanov); the nature of
processes was studied and presence of arc charge
under the flux layer proved experimentally
(B.E. Paton, A.M. Makara); the fluxes of blastfurnace slags were developed (A.I. Korennoj);
the phenomenon of self-control of arc processes
with consumable electrode was revealed (V.I.
Dyatlov), on the basis of which the simplified
automatic welding heads with constant speed of
electrode wire feed were developed (P.I. Sevbo,
B.E. Paton). <...> In the years of war
4 million meters of weld were welded, 5 million
of kilowatt-hours of electricity saved, labor-consumption for tank body manufacture was five
times decreased. <...> The successful application of
brazing of aluminium alloys was due to works
on technology and development of brazing alloys, carried out in prewar years in MAI, NII
GVF (P.N. Lvov, N.V. Geveling, S.N. Lotsmanov). <...> Increase of «life» of aircrafts was possible
due to application of welded and brazed tubular
longerons, corrugated linings, underframes. <...> Manual arc (including underwater) and gas welding
were applied for construction of auxiliary ships,
pontoons, cutters <...>
The_Paton_Welding_Journal_№5_2010.pdf
International Scientific-Technical and Production Journal
May
2010
# 5
English translation of the monthly «Avtomaticheskaya Svarka» (Automatic Welding) journal published in Russian since 1948
Editor-in-Chief B.E.Paton
Yu.S.Borisov V.F.Khorunov
A.Ya.Ishchenko I.V.Krivtsun
B.V.Khitrovskaya L.M.Lobanov
V.I.Kirian A.A.Mazur
S.I.Kuchuk-Yatsenko
Yu.N.Lankin I.K.Pokhodnya
V.N.Lipodaev V.D.Poznyakov
V.I.Makhnenko K.A.Yushchenko
O.K.Nazarenko A.T.Zelnichenko
I.A.Ryabtsev
CONTENTS
Contribution of Welders into Great Victory ............................................ 2
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
. and
. Probable mechanism of cracking of
stable-austenitic welds caused by oxygen segregation ......................... 5
. and
. Improvement of method for estimation of the risk
of fracture within the thinning zone on walls of main pipelines .............. 10
N.P.Alyoshin (Russia)
U.Diltey (Germany)
Guan Qiao (China)
D. von Hofe (Germany)
V.I.Lysak (Russia)
N.I.Nikiforov (Russia)
B.E.Paton (Ukraine)
Ya.Pilarczyk (Poland)
P.Seyffarth (Germany)
G.A.Turichin (Russia)
Zhang Yanmin (China)
A.S.Zubchenko (Russia)
V.N.Lipodaev, V.I.Lokteva
A.T.Zelnichenko (exec. director)
A.A.Fomin, O.S.Kurochko,
I.N.Kutianova, T.K.Vasilenko
PE «Melnik A.M.»
N.A.Dmitrieva
D.I.Sereda, T.Yu.Snegiryova
. and
. Reliability of welded structure
operation. Assessment and control ...................................................... 27
. and
. Narrow-gap
welding of up to 110 mm thick high-strength titanium alloys ................ 34
. and
Consumable electrode pulsed argon-arc welding of sheet
aluminium alloys ................................................................................. 38
. Application of method of dry underwater
welding in repair of underwater passages of gas and oil
pipelines in Russia .............................................................................. 42
State Registration Certificate
KV 4790 of 09.01.2001
$324, 12 issues per year,
postage and packaging included.
Back issues available.
All rights reserved.
This publication and each of the articles
contained herein are protected by copyright.
Permission to reproduce material contained in
this journal must be obtained in writing from
the Publisher.
Copies of individual articles may be obtained
from the Publisher.
© PWI, International Association «Welding», 2010
BRIEF INFORMATION
. and
. Hydrogen
distribution in flash-butt welded joints on steel 10G2FB ....................... 47
News .................................................................................................. 49
OJSC «Mezhgosmetiz-Mtsensk» – on a way of mastering
production of all welding consumables relevant in the market .............. 51
NEWS
10th International Specialized Exhibition «Welding and Cutting» ............ 52
. and
. Influence of
thermodeformational cycle of hardfacing on the structure and
properties of railway wheels at their reconditioning .............................. 15
. and
. and
.
Structural state of rapidly quenched Cu—Ti system brazing
filler metal .......................................................................................... 19
. Influence of working
distance of welding electron gun on weld geometry ............................. 23
INDUSTRIAL
Pub
l
Founders:
E. r
Inte
O
.
Pa iona
a
n
ton Ele
t
ctr
l A
ssocia
t
ic W
e
lding Institute
l
ion «W
e
of the
ding»
Y
Editorial b
o
ard:
NA
S of Ukr
a
ine
isher:
Inte
r
n
a
t
iona
l A
ssocia
t
ion «W
e
l
ding»
u yagin
h
s
Zv
chenko K
.
tsev
M
A., Sa
V
a
A.
a ora
Pivt
khne
International editorial c
ounc
il:
vchenko V.S., Chervya
e
nko V
k
Ga
.I., V
N.I
Vasil
i
e
likoiva
n
n
k
ov N.O
ko E
.A., R
ozynka
jvorons
ev V.G
k
y A.A., Poznya
Ma
ks
ymova
Orlovs
kov V.D
ky V.Y
S.V., K
Na
z
a
re
G.F
., Sa
u
rzhevs
ky V.A.,
Zel
i
h
orunov V.F
nko O.K
Pa
t
Promotion group:
n
s
kaya G
.
M
Zago
rn
iko
v
V.
I
Yo
l
on B.E
k
in
A.
., Loba
A
Akhonin S.V
Translators:
Veliky S.I., Semenenko A.V .Y
s
nov L.M
Obodovs V
lous
., Ne
k
., Be
.Y
u
., R
Ma
Edi
t
or
Elec
tron galley:
EInte
. P
11, Bozhenko str., 0
.O rnati e x:T a
a o
tonnal A
E
l
ssoc
i
l.
: (
h
E-mai
Address: 368
ati 0
ectric Weld 287 67 57
,
in
F l: journal@paton.ki
s.gov.u
o Kyiv, U
g In
( 38044)
38044)
ttp
n «We
stitu
t
://www.n
528 04 86
a
ldi k
ngraine
e,
»,
e
v.ua
a/p
w
j
s
h
in V.S., Pa
K
hulya
onone
nko V
y B.M
dos
e
ka
A.Y
a
., Fe
dchun A.Y
oma Polis
M.P., Shonin V.A
nyuk V
.S., St
h
a
K
chuk-Y
u lche
Fa
nko Y
a
t u
s .Ve ., Z
nko S.I., K
g
a
h
a
a
r
da
rchuk V
u
.,
chuk A.K
e
s
in V
.V
. ,
K
l
ochkov I.N.
chenko G.K
.F
., Smiya
Butkova
n .
O.DI
E
.,
Subscriptions:
Стр.1
CONTRIBUTION OF WELDERS INTO GREAT VICTORY
The remarkable date, the 65 years of Great
Victory over fascist Germany and its satellites, is
also celebrated by many-million group of welders:
scientists, engineers, technicians and workers.
The stimulus for development of welding was
given after the First World War having put
forward a number of technical problems before
welders. By the end of the 1930s welding became
leading technology in the production of armaments
of many countries, having almost completely
replaced riveting.
During the World War II the necessity in
acceleration of armament production gave a
powerful impetus for widening the application
and modernization of welding processes. The
main emphasis was made on search of reserves,
hidden capabilities of technologies. Perfidious
attack of fascist Germany on the Soviet Union,
loss of considerable part of the territory of
Ukraine with metallurgical and machine-building
plants, dismantling of plant equipment and
its transportation to eastern regions dragged
rates of weapon production at the end of 1941.
The application of welding engineering allowed
quick disassembling of equipment of evacuated
plants in the very shortest terms, accelerating
the assembly at the new site and starting the
production. The designers, production managers
understood that only simplification of manufacturing
process, including also welding, will allow
production of necessary amount of weapon
for the front in the shortest period.
In the pre-war years the Soviet designers constructed
the most advanced tanks: heavy KV-1,
medium T-34, floating T-40 and SAU, based on
them. Armored bodies, assemblies and structure
elements were welded manually using special
electrodes. To fulfill this work, thousands of
high-skilled welders were required. The solution
was found in application of automatic welding.
At the end of the 1930s the technology of
automatic submerged arc welding of structural
steels was developed under supervision of
Evgeny O. Paton at the Electric Welding Institute.
At the beginning of Great Patriotic War
the Institute was evacuated from Kiev to Nizhny
Tagil and arranged at the Ural Railway-Carriage
Works where high-speed welding began to
2
be implemented in production of aviation bombs.
Soon, the specialists and equipment of Kharkov
plant No. 183 were transported there, where
tank T-34 was constructed. The plants were
united into one enterprise, called the Ural tank
plant. E.O. Paton forwarded efforts of personnel
to the development of technology of automatic
submerged arc welding of special, armored steels
and application of the new technology to manufacture
intricate three-dimensional structures of
armored bodies of tanks. It should be noted that
such task was solved for the first time in the
world. In the shortest terms it was succeeded to
find out the causes of cracks initiation in welds.
The technology of defectless welding was developed
(V.I. Dyatlov, A.I. Ivanov); the nature of
processes was studied and presence of arc charge
under the flux layer proved experimentally
(B.E. Paton, A.M. Makara); the fluxes of blastfurnace
slags were developed (A.I. Korennoj);
the phenomenon of self-control of arc processes
with consumable electrode was revealed (V.I.
Dyatlov), on the basis of which the simplified
automatic welding heads with constant speed of
electrode wire feed were developed (P.I. Sevbo,
B.E. Paton). In 1942—1943, 20 designs of installations
for welding of tank bodies and 8 designs
for welding of aviation bombs and ammunition
were developed and realized. One more remarkable
achievement was the construction of the
first assembly-welding production line, proposed
by Yu.E. Maksaryev, the director of plant, and
Evgeny O. Paton.
The works on application of new welding
process were carried out in cooperation with the
Institute, tank design bureaus and plants. A.A.
Morozov, the leading designer of tank T-34,
Zh.Ya. Kotin, the leading designer of heavy
tanks IS and KV, participated actively in the
solution of these questions. The colleagues of the
Electric Welding Institute trained workers and
set up the equipment at the plants of the country.
Automatic welding found its large-scale application
in Chelyabinsk where the S.M. Kirov
Leningrad Tractor Plant (tanks KV, T-34 and
SAU) was evacuated; at Gorky Automobile
Plant (artillery installations, shells and other);
at S. Ordzhonikidze Ural Heavy Machine5/2010
Стр.2