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THE PROBLEM OF PORTRAYING MOTION IN PAINTING AND GRAPHIC ART OF THE 1920S IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THEME OF SPORTS

Автор: Malevinskaia

The article covers the brightest sculpturesque solutions of the works of art of the 1920s devoted to the sport subject referring to the problem of expressing motion in painting and graphics. The lost and little-known works which had an essential impact on the formation of the genre but insufficiently examined by Russian Art Studies shall be regarded. And in particular, peculiarities of the pictures’ design of such masters as A. Deyneka, Yu. Pimenov, K. Vyalov and others. The most extraordinary solutions of the problem of graphic expression of movement were proposed by representatives of Moscow Higher Art and Technical Studios (VHUTEMAS), having addressed the dynamic sports plots. Plurality of the points of view and representation of the movement in various phases often express the dynamism of the object in art works; diagonal compositions with emphasis on geometrism are also used. Having consolidated formal and analytical approach to the form and realistic vision of life and having assimilated traditions of new trends of the beginning of the 20th century, the VHUTEMAS representatives reconceived the expressiveness of composition in the easel painting.

2

Three Paintings by Zdzisław Beksiński: Making Art Possible “After Auschwitz”

Автор: Koptseva

The article is dedicated to the art work of one of the most signiёcant Polish surrealist artists, Zdzisław Beksiński. The article reveals the main periods of the artist’s biography, lists the people of art who inяuenced the establishment of the author’s individual style and the art works Z. Beksiński preferred. Special attention is paid to the dichotomy of form and content as well as Z. Beksiński’s original opinion of it: the artist believed that the major signiёcance was borne by the form, not the content: what he created was the form, while content is something contributed by the spectators. The article continues with the review of three works by Z. Beksiński, leading to the following conclusion: in the situation when god has been cruciёed but not resurrected, when the human loses his last hope for salvation, when his forces are a null in the face of an unknown but horrifying enemy; in the situation of the End of the World, the total night when the monsters (such as the monstrous words) come alive, the only thing left for a human is to remember of this situation at every moment of time, to understand the nature of words and the threat they present, to understand the mechanism of protection from them; to take care of the closest people, to protect them, thereby allowing neither themselves nor himself to turn into stone of the horrors the reality brings. The ёnal analysis of art works by Z. Beksiński is performed through the prism of “after Auschwitz” art concept.