AND Bacillus subtilis BASED PROBIOTICS INFLUENCE ON CHICKEN BROILER PRODUCTIVITY AND CAECUM MICROBIOME COMMUNITY T.A. EGOROVA1, T.N. LENKOVA1, L.A. IL’INA2, E.A. YILDIRIM2, I.N. NIKONOV2, V.A. FILIPPOVA2, G.Yu. <...> LAPTEV2, N.I. NOVIKOVA2, A.A. GROZINA1, V.A. MANUKYAN1, V.I. FISININ1, I.A. EGOROV1 1All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute, Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations, 10, ul. <...> Ptitsegradskaya, Sergiev Posad, Moscow Province, 141311 Russia, e-mail olga@vnitip.ru; 2JSC «Biotrof», Kolpino, St. Petersburg, 192288 Russia, e-mail nikonov@biotrof.ru Acknowledgements: Supported by grant from Russian Science Foundation (project ¹ 14-16-00140 «Modern views on the intestinal microflora of poultry in different diets: molecular genetic approaches») Received September 26, 2016 A b s t r a c t Study of probiotic microorganisms which can produce enzymes and amino acids is important to develop biologicals to prevent disease and increase productivity in poultry. <...> Lactbacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. are widely used as probiotics due to their adhesive ability and antipathogenic activity. <...> Bacillus sp. and yeasts Saccharomyces sp. are less examined but considered perspective as probiotic agents due to antibiotic activity and some other helpful features. <...> Using T-RFLP (Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) and Real-Time PCR we compared number and composition of caecum microbiome in 37-day old Cobb 500 broiler chicken. <...> In group II the chickens were fed with the same combined fodder supplemented with a probiotic which contained Saccharomyces sp. living cells, and in group III this probiotic was replaced by a probiotic product Cellobacterin-T. <...> Chickens’ caecum microbiome contained various taxa including several unidentified phylotypes in addition to commonly found gut microorganisms. <...> Phylum Firmcutes (mainly cellulolytic and amylolitic Clostridia) and Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Enterococcus sp. which possess anti-bacterial activity are identified as predominating taxa. <...> In addition, various opportunistic and pathogenic microorganism were found including causative agents of respiratory diseases (Pasteurellaceae, Mycoplasma sp., etc.). <...> Caecum microbiome community of the broilers from group II showed the lowest Shannon index and Simpson <...>