Humanities & Social Sciences 2 (2017 10) 205-213 ~ ~ ~ УДК 338.2 (571.1 / 5) The History of Moscow Vysokopetrovsky Stauropegial Monastery and its Role in the Cultural and Religious Life of Moscow in the Early XX Century Kirill A. Soloviev* Moscow State University of Civil Engineering 26 Yaroslavskoye Shosse, Moscow, 129337, Russia Received 17.12.2016, received in revised form 10.01.2017, accepted 30.01.2017 The main issue of this article is the history of Moscow Vysokopetrovsky Monastery and its role in the cultural and religious life of Moscow in the early XX century. <...> Some historians believe the founder of the monastery to be the Grand Moscow Prince Dmitry Donskoy; others think that it was the Great Prince Ioann Kalita. <...> Yet, the monastery was most probably founded by the Moscow Metropolitan Peter who was born in Volyn’. <...> At the age of 12 the future metropolitan went into convent and later founded a new monastery on the river Rata. <...> It was a place that the Great Prince Yury L’vovich Galitsko-Volynsky, the Great Prince Daniila Romanovich Galitsky’s grandson, often visited. <...> He liked to talk to its hegumen Peter. <...> In 1296 the hegumen Peter met with Maximus, the Metropolitan of Kiev and all Russia. <...> In 1305 after the Metropolitan Maximus’s death, the Constantinople Patriarch Athanasius assigned the Rata Novodvorsky Monastery hegumen Peter to be the Metropolitan of Galicia Kirill A. Soloviev. <...> His relationships with the Great Prince Mikhail of Tver’ were not good. <...> At the same time in Moscow he received honor and respect from the Moscow Prince Ioann Danilovich, later known as Kalita (Istoriia Vysokopetrovskogo monastyria, http://www.prokimen.ru). <...> In 1316 it was the metropolitan podvorye (a storehouse with an inn) that was built in the Moscow Kremlin especially for the Metropolitan Peter. <...> However, the Kremlin lacked the required conditions for the metropolitan’s private prayer. <...> The hegumen Ioann was the first builder and hegumen of the monastery, “the founder of a cenobitic monastery in Moscow” (Soikin, 1990). <...> According to a church legend, the Great Prince Ioann Kalita had an alleged vision of high mountains covered with snow while hunting. <...> St. Peter interpreted the vision the following way: a mountain is the Prince of Moscow, whereas the snow is <...>