МИНИCTEPCTBO ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ АВТОНОМНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКИЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ» D. S. Tkachenko MILITARY AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE EUROPEAN STUDIES (XVIII–XX CC.) Д. <...> Tkachenko D. S. Military and Political History of the North Caucasus in the European Studies (XVIII–XX cc.): training manual. – Stavropol: Publisher NCSU, 2015. – 141 p. <...> УДК 94(470.6) (075.8) ББК 63.3(2Рос-235.7) я73 ISBN 978-5-9296-0741-7 © ФГАОУ ВПО «Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет», 2015 FOREWORD The aim of this graduate-level optional course is to consider the history of the North Caucasus from the earliest centuries (approximately the IV c. B.C.) to the beginning of the XX c. A.D. Developing the course structure, we came into consideration that the students were in some extent familiar either with the teaching subject or with the basic structures of the second language. <...> A lecture attempts to bring in a number of general questions from the point of Russian scientific tradition. <...> South Caucasus Short Preface About twenty-five million years ago two great landmasses collided at a place we now call the intersection of Europe and Asia. <...> In this lecture we are going to speak about the lands divided – or, rather, connected – by the Caucasus mountain range and about some commonly used specific regional terms. <...> The chain of the Caucasus Mountains forms the highland region. <...> It extends from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea, and is divided the peninsula into two parts: The main chain marks off two broadly distinct regions. <...> Therefore, it is natural to speak about the North and South Caucasus. <...> This geopolitical term was laid out in the middle of the XIX c. At the end of the Caucasus War the Russian emperor Alexander II in his rescript demanded that one should recognize by that label a vague territory from the Kuma and Manych basin up to the Caucasus Mountains. <...> To be precious we’ll divide it in two distinct zones: the plain lands in the Northern Caucasus and the uplands near Mountain range. <...> High plateaus in its southwestern part provide summer grazing lands for cattle, while fruitless desert – socalled “Read Sands” spreads in the southeast – from the Terek river to the Caspian coast. <...> The wide rich lowlands cut by the courses of the rivers <...>
Военно-политическая_история_Северного_Кавказа_в_евро-_пейских_исследованиях_(XVIII–XX_вв.)_Учебное_пособие._Направление_подготовки_46.04.01_–_История._Магистерская_программа_«Отечественная_история»._Магистратура.pdf
УДК 94(470.6) (075.8)
ББК 63.3(2Рос-235.7) я73
Т 48
Печатается по решению
редакционно-издательского совета
Северо-Кавказского федерального
университета
Рецензенты:
доктор исторических наук, профессор В. Ю. Апрыщенко
(ФГБОУ ВПО «Южный федеральный университет»),
доктор педагогических наук, профессор Н. Л. Московская
Ткаченко Д. С.
Т 48 Военно-политическая история Северного Кавказа в европейских
исследованиях (XVIII–XX вв.): учебное пособие. –
Ставрополь: Изд-во СКФУ, 2015. – 141 с.
Tkachenko D. S.
Military and Political History of the North Caucasus in the European
Studies (XVIII–XX cc.): training manual. – Stavropol: Publisher
NCSU, 2015. – 141 p.
ISBN 978-5-9296-0741-7
Пособие подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями
ФГОС ВПО к подготовке выпускника для получения квалификации
магистра.
Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлению
подготовки 46.04.01 – История, магистерская программа «Отечественная
История».
УДК 94(470.6) (075.8)
ББК 63.3(2Рос-235.7) я73
ISBN 978-5-9296-0741-7
© ФГАОУ ВПО «Северо-Кавказский
федеральный университет», 2015
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FOREWORD
The aim of this graduate-level optional course is to consider the history of
the North Caucasus from the earliest centuries (approximately the IV c. B.C.)
to the beginning of the XX c. A.D. Developing the course structure, we came
into consideration that the students were in some extent familiar either with
the teaching subject or with the basic structures of the second language. The
course is focused on no-native speakers, who had General English knowledge
in the level of no less than A2 grade in the Common Reference Levels (CEFR).
We suggest they should enrich their base knowledge of the discipline with
some original concepts and ideas of foreign scientists by examining the excerpts
of English primary and secondary sources. These texts can provide good addition
to the topics, which undergraduate students studied in their native tongue – to
their awareness with history, ethnic traditions, cultural and political issues of the
North Caucasus. All of them were taught to undergraduate students beforehand
from the point of view of Russian historical tradition that had leſt aside a vague
mass of facts and ideas the Western historians are concern with. Developing
the course the author either came in consideration that a lot of primary
sources – especially narrations and notes of the British travellers – have not ever
been translated into Russian. Nevertheless, their studying is available via the
CLIL (Content and language integrated learning) approach.
The textbook consists of ten sections, concern with specific regional historical,
ethnic or cultural issues. Each section is divided into two logical parts, which
contribute to the final result of studying. A lecture attempts to bring in a number
of general questions from the point of Russian scientific tradition. It is appended
by related to its issues primary or secondary source, performed by a native-speaker
from the European viewpoint. Some themes address ideas looks very familiar
for its native investigators, but sounds weird in the shade of Russian scientific
approach and need some additional explanation. It is performed, considering
British historical or cultural realities, which gave major impact on the movement
of West intellectual thought.
Each lecture and additional source section contains content vocabularies,
collected historical and cultural terms mostly unfamiliar for the students.
Some of them has rather different meaning in Russian and English oriented
scientific tradition. For checking up the theme understanding a list of questions
is applied to every topic. The results of a theme studying are emphasized in an
“Assignments” section. Whilst performing the tasks, students should compare
English and Russian scientific sectors of the topic, making critical assessment
of their advantages and disadvantages; prepare an essay, table or a scratchmap,
making their stance on the problem. We have just spotted potential
subjects of their own scientific research. It is essential that everyone should
consider Russian original sources, major works on the Caucasus history and
contemporary politics in his study.
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Military and political history of the North Caucasus...
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Military and political history of the North Caucasus...
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.....................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE: GEOPOLITICAL,
HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL DIVISION OF THE CAUCASUS......5
Lecture 1. North Caucasus in the Ancient
and Medieval Descriptions...........................................................................16
Lecture 2. Ethnic, Military and Political Situation in the North Caucasus
in the Eve of the New Age (XVIII c.).........................................27
Lecture 3. Mutual Relations Between the Caucasian People
and Russia........................................................................................................42
Lecture 4. Russian Military and Political Advance in the North Caucasus
in XVI–XVII c. ..............................................................................................51
Lecture 5. Cossacks Communities in the Borderlands.............................63
Lecture 6. The Commencement of the Imperial Scientific Caucasus
Study in the XVIII – First Decades of the XIX c. ......................................73
Lecture 7. Life on the Great Defense Line: Russian Colonists
in the North Caucasus...................................................................................86
Lecture 8. Explorations and Studies in the Conditions
of the Caucasus War.....................................................................................100
Lecture 9. North Caucasus in the Conditions of the Russian
Empire’s Modernization..............................................................................118
THE COURSE CONCLUSIONS................................................................133
FURTHER READING.................................................................................137
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS........................................................................139
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