Humanities & Social Sciences 12 (2016 9) 2936-2946 ~ ~ ~ УДК 316.61-053.2/.6 Childhood: New Socio-Cultural Trends in Modern Russia Olga A. Karlovaa * and Alexei V. Lapkovb a Siberian Federal University 79 Svobodny, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia b Received 26.08.2016, received in revised form 27.09.2016, accepted 03.11.2016 This article analyzes some of the relevant aspects of childhood in the context of social and cultural changes of the Russian society in the first decades of the 21st century. <...> The authors seek to understand the prevailing stereotypes in the public consciousness with regard to the most important social and cultural concepts of childhood. <...> The authors aim to define such essential terms of maturation and selfdetermination of minors as the aggressive environment, information chaos, “collapsing” of the family space and increasing state and society participation in children’s lives, and to determine the necessary “action moments” in response to the challenges of our time. <...> Keywords: childhood problem, childhood object, childhood sociodynamics, new types of children’s identity, socio-cultural typology of schools, the space of trial, error, and self-determination, generational ties. <...> The phenomena of education and training in the consciousness of modern Russian society are largely connected with the 20th century traditions. <...> Surveys show that the majority of parents believe that their authority is constant and are confident that it should be so. <...> However, social psychologists have discovered that in most cases parents are no longer respected, when the child gets 13-14 years old. “Parents know their children better” is another imperative of the 20th which undergoes criticism today. <...> Evidently, parents have more “daily life” experience, but as practice shows, they lack time and appropriate situations to transmit the important lessons to their children, there are less chances for that. <...> Adults are sure that their child has to listen and obey. <...> In fact, however, even the smallest children can refuse to listen to adults, and traditional parent and teacher shouts nay not have any educational effect. <...> The stereotype of “street is the main enemy in the children education” also appeared in the previous centuries, when the street experience really was in the children’s lives. <...> Today there is no outdoor Lyceum № 6 “Perspective <...>