Reki Moiki, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russia Received 16.05.2016, received in revised form 20.07.2016, accepted 07.08.2016 The article considers the works by such Evenk writers as G. Chinkov and G. Keptuke, who created them in the earliest years of the Evenk literature (1930-s) and at the end of the XX century, respectively. <...> In their works these authors artistically depict the changes the Evenks, who had traditionally been nomads with their own way of life, experienced when they got involved into the Soviet community. <...> The Soviet period is viewed in the article as the ‘new world’. <...> The dramatic changes in the social and cultural spheres of life determined by a new civilization were interpreted by the aforesaid authors in different ways. <...> In his works of the early decades of the twentieth century, G. Chinkov welcomes the radical transformation in the Evenks’ life. <...> By contrast, in the late XX century G. Keptuke demonstrates a critical viewpoint on the ‘new world’s’ influence on the Evenk people’s mentality. <...> Keywords: Evenk literature, the Evenk ethnos, the Evenks’ mentality, the Soviet period in the Evenk literature, the’ new world’, traditional way of life, artistic interpretation of social and cultural reality. <...> The twentieth century in the fate of the Evenk ethnic group is marked by transformations in the socio-cultural sphere. <...> What made them peculiar is the fact that they had to fundamentally change the life of the Evenks, often in radical forms. <...> It is not surprising that the Evenk authors referred to the artistic interpretation of the “new world” in their creative work. <...> This “new world” implies the realities imposed on the ethnic group’s life by the Soviet authorities. <...> All rights reserved * Corresponding author E-mail address: tekenmi@mail.ru – 2442 – decades are of great interest. <...> They united into tribal and geographically neighboring communities, collective use of land, equitable Elvira V. Ivanova. <...> The situation began to change after the Soviet power had been established in the regions of the North, Siberia and the Far East (1920). <...> Like other ethnic groups, the Evenks had to join a new progressive Soviet community. <...> According to A.S. Skachko, these ethnic groups’ transition from the tribal system to socialism in record time would confirm the correctness of the national policy of the RCP(b) with its <...>