Closed-loop optogenetic control of thalamus as a tool for interrupting seizures after cortical injury. <...> tшnnesen J., sшrensen A., Deisseroth K., lundberg C., Kokaia M. optogenetic control of epileptiform activity. <...> 37. yin t., Wu y. guiding lights: recent developments in optogenetic control of biochemical signals. <...> 38. yizhar o., Fenno l.e., Davidson t.J., Morgi M., Deisseroth K. optogenetics in neuronal systems. <...> Zeng h., Madisen l. Mouse transgenic approaches in optogenetics. <...> Babaev oPtogenetiC APProAChes in neUroBiology Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation optogenetics is a rapidly developing new technique that combines optic methods with techniques used in molecular biology. it can be used for monitoring various optic processes in cells and controlling their activity using light. the technique is based on bacterial opsin expression in mammalian neurons. in this review, the use of optogenetics for controlling the activity of specific neuron populations in different regions of the human brain is considered in detail. the paper also presents information about light-sensitive proteins, genetically encoded optical instruments and their use for activation or inhibition of neurons, and the research into the causeand-effect relationship between neural networks and pathological symptoms. <...> Key words: optogenetics, opsins, сhannelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), halorhodopsin (NpHR), archeorhodopsin-3 (Arch), virus vectors, Cre recombinases, loss of motor function, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy. <...> 1, 4 ОПТИМИзАЦИЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ АКТИВНОЙ ФОРМЫ rhBmp-2 В ГЕТЕРОЛОГИЧНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ ЭКСПРЕССИИ С ПОМОЩьЮ 2 НИИ физико-химической биологии им. <...> М.В. Ломоносова», 119991, Москва, Россия; 3 ФГБНУ ВНИИ сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии, 127550, Москва, Россия; 4 ООО фирмы «Имтек», 121552, Москва, Россия Рекомбинантный <...>