Геология и геофизика №1 2005

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hexlgu_ agZq_gby iZe_hl_fi_SZlmS hFgh\Zggu_ gZ \ZSbZpby[ ly`_eh]h bahlhiZ dbFehSh^Z \ [bh]_gghf dZS[hgZl_ iSb\e_dZxl mFlhcqb\h_ \gbfZgb_ bFFe_^h\Zl_e_c F gZqZeZ [ ]h^h\ iShreh]h Flhe_lby > @ Wlhl ihdZaZl_ev dSZcg_ \Z`_g ^ey [ZSZdl_SbFlbdb h^ghc ba FZfu[ ]eZ\gu[ FhFlZ\eyxsb[ debfZlZ A_feb ² l_ieZ b _]h \ZSbZpbc \ ]_heh]bq_Fdhf \S_f_gb DhF\_ggu_ f_lh^u iZe_hwdheh]bq_Fdbc ih hFlZldZf nehSu b nZmgu b F_^bf_glheh]bq_Fdbc ih fbg_SZeZf FhFlZ\m ihSh^ w\ZihSblZf dZf_g guf m]eyf iha\heyxl Fm^blv ebrv h[ hlghFbl_evghf Ä[h^_ dSb\hc l_ieZ³ gh g_ ^Zxl \hafh`ghFlb hiS_^_eblv \_ebqbgm l_ieZ dhebq_Fl\_ggh Baf_S_gb_ hlghr_gbc FlZ[bevgu[ bahlhih\ dbFehSh^Z \ [bh]_gghf dZS[hgZl_ iha\hey_l gZb[he__ hFgh\Zl_evgh ]h\hSblv h dhebq_Fl\_ggu[ ihdZaZl_ey[ l_ieZ Wlh FlZeh yFguf ihFe_ i_S\u[ SZ[hl 3 ;hmwgZ > ² @ ih xSFdbf b SZgg_f_eh\uf ShFlSZf [_e_fgblh\ G_FfhlSy gZ SZggb_ ihiuldb > ² @ b [he__ iha^gb_ mFi_[b > @ hiS_^_e_gby Z[Fhexlgu[ agZq_gbc iZe_hl_fi_SZlmS ih Fhhlghr_gbyf &D 0J bahlhigZy dSb\Zy dbFehSh^Z hFlZ_lFy gZb[he__ gZ^_`ghc > @ MFi_[b \ SZaSZ[hld_ dSb\hc iZe_hl_fi_SZlmS q_l\_Slbqgh]h i_Sbh^Z b dZcghahy ihemq_gghc gZ hFgh\_ bamq_gby bahlhih\ dbFehSh^Z ih SZdh\bgZf nhSZfbgbn_S :leZglbdb b &_\_Sghc IZpbnbdb \^h[gh\beb bFFe_^h\Zl_e_c f_ahahy > ² @ H^gh ba i_S\u[ _Feb g_ i_S\h_ agZq_gb_ Z[Fhexlghc iZe_hl_fi_SZlmSu ^ey xSFdh]h b f_eh\h]h i_Sbh^h\ gZ l_SSblhSbb :Sdlbdb [ueh ihemq_gh \ _ ]h^u iShreh]h \_dZ ih ShFlSZf [_e_fgblh\ ba FS_^g_c xSu b gb`g_]h f_eZ \ZeZg`bgZ F_\_SZ @ < [ b [ ]h^Z[ iShreh]h \_dZ L & ;_Sebguf < G &ZdFhf 3 < L_cF b ^S [ueb iSh\_^_gu ZgZebau gZ bahlhiu dbFehSh^Z g_Fdhevdb[ Fhl_g ShFlSh\ [_e_fgblh\ ba xSFdb[ b f_eh\u[ hleh`_gbc F l_SSblhSbb F_\_SZ ?\SZabb > @ 3ZFq_lu FS_^g_]h^h\u[ iZe_hl_fi_SZlmS ih S_amevlZlZf wlb[ ZgZebah\ ihdZaZeb agZq_gby ihSy^dZ ² ƒ& F l_g^_gpb_c d \haSZFlZgbx f_`^m [ZlFdbf b iha^g_\he`Fdbf \S_f_gZfb > @ < F\_l_ wlb[ ^Zggu[ Fh\_Sr_ggh g_h`b^Zg gufb iS_^FlZ\eyxlFy agZq_gby iZe_hl_fi_SZ lmS iSb\_^_ggu_ \ SZ[hl_ > @ ^ey iha^g_c xSu h A_fey DhShey DZSeZ Ribp[_S]_g SZ\gu_ ƒ& ?Feb bF[h^blv ba S_dhgFlSmbSh\Zggh]h iheh`_gby &_\_Sgh]h ]_h]SZnbq_Fdh]h ihexFZ \ iha^g_c xS_ \ SZchg_ Fh\S_f_ggh]h ;_Sbg]h\Z iSheb\Z > @ lh ZS[bi_eZ] Ribp[_S]_g SZFiheZ ]ZeFy x`g__ F_\_Sghc hdSZbgu &b[bSFdhc ieZl nhSfu &lZeh [ulv gZ F_\_S_ @ I:E?H=?H=3:NBQ?&D:Y &BLM:PBY Bamq_gguc SZaS_a dbf_Sb^`Z h[gZ`Zx sbcFy ih S EhiFby SbF ISbeh`_gb_ nhS fbSh\ZeFy \ mFeh\by[ aZeb\Z AZiZ^gh &b[bSFdh]h 3bF 3Zchg bFFe_^h\Zgbc b F[_fZ SZFiheh `_gby h[gZ`_gbc dbf_Sb^`Fdh]h ySmFZ gZ S EhiFby ISbiheySguc MSZe ² h[gZ`_gb_ ² Z[FhexlgZy \uFhlZ f

Стр.2

wibdhglbg_glZevgh]h fhSy ihdSu\Z\r_]h l_SSblhSbx [he__ feg df SbF AZeb\ ihemqbe gZa\Zgb_ EyibgFdbc ih h^ghc ba dSmigu[ S_d \ [ZFF_cg_ S &_\_SgZy &hFv\Z Ih Fms_Fl\mxsbf iS_^FlZ\e_gbyf wlhl aZeb\ [ue ^hFlZlhqgh f_edh\h^guf b hldSu\ZeFy d F_\_S F_\_Sh \hFlhdm > @ Madhc ihehFhc MSZevFdh]h i R\Z hg hl^_eyeFy hl LbfZgh I_qhSFdh]h fhSy gZ aZiZ^_ b g_[hevrbf ;_S_ah\Fdbf ZS[b i_eZ]hf hl AZiZ^gh &b[bSFdh]h fhSy gZ \hFlhd_ & F_\_SZ beb q_S_a iSheb\u Fms_Fl\h\Z\rb_ \ MSZev Fdhf i R\_ \ aZeb\ i_Sbh^bq_Fdb" ihFlmiZeh r_^r__ F aZiZ^Z l_ieh_ l_q_gb_ < SZgg_f dbf_Sb^`_ hgh [ueh hSb_glbSh\Zgh \ gZiSZ\e_gbb [ebadhf d rbShlghfm h q_f F\b^_l_evFl\mxl ÄShau³ gZiSZ\e_gbc hSb_glbSh\db ShFlSh\ [_e_fgblh\ baf_S_ggu[ \ Feh_ h[g SbF EyibgFdbc aZeb\ bf_e mFlhcqb\u_ F\yab dZd F AZiZ^gh &b[bSFdbf fhS_f lZd b F LbfZgh I_qhS Fdbf &SZ\g_gb_ FbFl_fZlbq_Fdh]h FhFlZ\Z [_e_fgblh\ wlb[ fhS_c ih^l\_S`^Z_l FdZaZggh_ LZd ba F_fb dbf_Sb^`Fdb[ \b^h\ Sh^h\ 3DFK\WHXWKLV 6LPREHOXV b /DJRQLEHOXV gZc^_ggu[ \ AZiZ^ghc &b[bSb > ² @ q_luS_ \FlS_q_gu gZ S EhiFby < LbfZgh I_qhSFdhf S_]bhg_ ba\_Flgu r_Flv \b^h\ hlghFysb[Fy d \ur_mihfygmluf Sh^Zf > @ ba dhlhSu[ q_luS_ h[sb_ F mSZevFdbfb gZFqblu\Zxsbfb \ p_ehf \b^h\ L_f g_ f_g__ gb`g_dbf_Sb^`Fdb_ dhfie_dFu [_e_fgblh\ MSZeZ ih \b^bfhfm [he__ [ebadb aZiZ^gh Fb[bSFdbf ihFdhevdm \ ihFe_^gb[ iSbFmlFl\m_l \b^ 3DFK\WHXWKLV %RUHLRWHXWKLV DEVROXWD )LVFK \ bah[bebb gZc^_gguc gZ EhiFbb b FhFlZ\eyxsbc a^_Fv hFgh\m [_e_fgblh\h]h dhfie_dFZ gb`g_]h dbf_Sb^`Z < [ZF S I_qhSZ wlhl \b^ hlFmlFl\m_l < _\Shi_cFdhc qZFlb 3hFFbb hg ba\_Fl_g lhevdh ba \_S[g_]h hdFnhS^Z FhFd\u b Ih^fhFdh\vy :FFhpbZpbb Zffhgblh\ LbfZgh I_qhSFdh]h fhSy b Eyibg Fdh]h aZeb\Z gZ iShly`_gbb \F_]h dbf_Sb^`Z [ueb ^h\hevgh F[h^gu qlh fh`_l [ulv h[tyFg_gh [ebadbfb ]b^Sheh]bq_Fdbfb ihdZaZl_eyfb wlb[ [ZFF_cgh\ h^bgZdh\hc l_fi_SZlmShc b Fhe_ghFlvx \h^u > @ <_Shylgh F\yav f_`^m EyibgFdbf aZeb\hf b LbfZgh I_qhSFdbf fhS_f hFms_Fl\eyeZFv q_S_a \S_f_gguc iSheb\ beb iSheb\u \ lh \S_fy dZd hl AZiZ^gh &b[bSFdh]h fhSy EyibgFdbc aZeb\ hl^_eyeZ ebrv ]SmiiZ hFlSh\h\ &_\_Sh &hFv\bgFdh]h ZS[bi_eZ]Z Ff SbF GZebqb_ iSheb\Z beb iSheb\h\ Fh_^bgy\r_]h EyibgFdbc aZeb\ F LbfZgh I_qhSFdbf iha^g_db f_Sb^`Fdbf fhS_f ih^l\_S`^Z_lFy lZd`_ agZqbl_evguf F[h^Fl\hf ZFFhpbZpbc iha^g_dbf_Sb^`Fdb[ nhSZfbgbn_S ba [ZF S :^av\Z iSZ\uc iSblhd I_qhSu b S EhiFby > @ < F\hx hq_S_^v LbfZgh I_qhS Fdh_ fhS_ \ dbf_Sb^`_ Fh_^bgyehFv F fhSyfb gZ 3mFFdhc ieZlnhSf_ H[ wlhf F\b^_l_evFl\m_l h[sghFlv ZFFhpbZpbc Zffhgblh\ wlb[ SZchgh\ > @ FhSy gZ 3mFFdhc ieZlnhSf_ Fm^y ih F[h^Fl\m ZFFhpbZpbc SZ^bheySbc [ueb iSyfh F\yaZgu F fhSyfb \ X`ghc ?\Shi_ b &_\_Sghc :leZglbd_ q_S_a F_\_Sgu_ hdSZbgu I_Sbl_lbFZ > @ >ey h[tyFg_gby wlh]h n_ghf_gZ fu iS_^iheZ]Z_f gZebqb_ l_ieh]h l_q_gby r_^r_]h hl ISbdZFiby I_Sbl_lbF gZ F_\_S \ LbfZgh I_qhSFdh_ fhS_ Ih^ ^_cFl\b_f Fbe DhSbhebFZ wlh l_q_gb_ iSb`bfZehFv d aZiZ^ghfm [_S_]m MSZevFdh]h i R\Z b q_S_a \Spf_ggu_ iSheb\u ^hFlb]Zeh EyibgFdh]h aZeb\Z Ff SbF Wlbf iml_f \ EyibgFdbc aZeb\ ihiZeb i_Sbl_lbq_Fdb_ Zffhgblu 3URUD f_lSbb > VHQLD b $VSLGRFHUDV b ^\mFl\hSdb 7ULJRQLLGDH GZebqb_f l_ieh]h l_q_gby \^hev MSZeZ fh`gh h[yFgblv lh qlh ebgby SZa^_eyxsZy &b[bSFdmx b Bg^h ?\Shi_cFdmx iZe_hnehSbFlbq_Fdb_ h[eZFlb \ xS_ i_S_^ MSZehf ih^gbfZ_lFy b b^_l ihqlb f_Sb^bhgZevgh > @ DebfZl [ue mf_S_ggh l_ieuf F_fb]mfb^guf > @ Ih ^Zgguf bahlhigh dbFehSh^ghc iZe_hl_Sfh @ FS_^g_]h^h\u_ l_fi_SZlmSu \h^ \ EyibgFdhf aZeb\_ \ dbf_Sb^`_ FhFlZ\eyeb ƒ& &lhev \uFhdb_ FS_^g_]h^h\u_ l_fi_SZlmSu \ aZeb\_ l_f g_ f_g__ g_ iShlb\hS_qZl ^Zgguf iZe_hwdheh]bb \ SZgg_f dbf_Sb^`_ \ aZeb\_ `beb lZdb_ l_ieh\h^hex[b\u_ fheexFdb dZd lSb]hgbb^u Z \ iha^g_f dbf_Sb^`_ ² SZaghh[SZagu_ mFlSbpu b Zffhgblu Sh^Z $XODFRVWHSKDQXV SZdh\bgu dhlhSh]h \ ^bZf_lS_ iS_\urZeb f H[ hlghFbl_evgh \uFhdb[ l_fi_SZlmSZ[ F\b^_l_evFl\mxl nZdlu fb]SZpbb \ EyibgFdbc aZeb\ mihfygmlu[ \ur_ i_Sbl_lbq_Fdb[ Zffhgblh\ 3URUDVHQLD \ SZgg_f dbf_Sb^`_ b $VSLGRFHUDV \ iha^g_f dbf_Sb^`_ F:L?3B:E B F?LH>U 3hFlSu [_e_fgblh\ [ueb SZa^Sh[e_gu gZ dSmigu_ nSZ]f_glu b hqbs_gu +&O h^ghiShp_glguf SZFl\hShf Fheyghc dbFehlu H[SZapu ^ey ZgZebaZ gZ bahlhiu dbFehSh^Z \uF\_Se_gu F hqbs_ggu[ ih\_S[ghFl_c iSb wlhf hF_\u_ mqZFldb ShFlSh\ g_ aZlSZ]b\ZebFv aZl_f h[SZ[hlZgu [_a\h^ghc nhF nhSghc dbFehlhc \ \Zdmmf_ iSb l_fi_SZlmS_ ƒ& LhqghFlv F\ur_ Е dhglShebSh\ZeZFv _`_ ^g_\guf ZgZebahf \gmlS_gg_]h FlZg^ZSlZ BF[h^gu_ ^Zggu_ dhSS_dlbSh\ZebFv h[uqguf h[SZahf S_ amevlZlu iS_^FlZ\e_gu \ FlZg^ZSlghf δ h[hagZq_gbb dZd ^himFlbfhf Е hldehg_gbb hl FlZg^ZSlZ 3'% qbdZ]Fdh]h FlZg^ZSlZ Ba h[gZ`_gby ‹ hlh[SZgu ^\_gZ^pZlv h[SZaph\ ]ebg b ^\Z h[SZapZ l_fgh]h ba\_FlgydZ gZ baf_S_gb_ Fh^_S`Zgby hS]Zgbq_Fdh]h \_s_Fl\Z H[SZapu \uFmr_gu gZ \ha^m[_ b baf_evq_gu \ f_lZe ebq_Fdhc Flmid_ ^h ihemq_gby f_edh]h fdf ihShrdZ &h^_S`Zgb_ hS]Zgbq_Fdh]h m]e_Sh^Z 72& ² 7RWDO 2UJDQLF &DUERQ lZd `_ dZd _]h bFlhqgbd b l_SfZevgh_ FhaS_\Zgb_ hS]Zgbq_Fdh]h \_s_Fl\Z [ueb hp_g_gu F bFihevah\Zgb_f iSb[hSZ 5RFN (YDO Fe_^my f_lh^m hibFZgghfm >` WFiblZeb_f b ^S > ² @ 3_amevlZlu iSb\_^_gu \ lZ[e

Стр.3